ArticleJournal of the American Heart Association2018
Reliability and Physiological Interpretation of Pulmonary Gas Exchange by "Circulatory Equivalents" in Chronic Heart Failure.
Article in Journal of the American Heart Association, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- Reliability and validity of the respiratory threshold method.European journal of applied physiology · 2026Article
- Quantifying the relationship and contribution of mitochondrial respiration to systemic exercise limitation in heart failure.ESC heart failure · 2021Article
- Reliability and Physiological Interpretation of Pulmonary Gas Exchange by "Circulatory Equivalents" in Chronic Heart Failure.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPeak ratios of pulmonary gas-exchange to ventilation during exercise (V˙O2/V˙E and V˙CO2/V˙E, termed "circulatory equivalents") are sensitive to heart failure (HF) severity, likely reflecting low and/or poorly distributed pulmonary perfusion. We tested whether peak V˙O2/V˙E and V˙CO2/V˙E would: (1) distinguish HF patients from controls; (2) be independent of incremental exercise protocol; and (3) correlate with lactate threshold (LT) and ventilatory compensation point (VCP), respectively. METHODS AND
resultsTwenty-four HF patients (61±11 years) with reduced ejection fraction (31±8%) and 11 controls (63±7 years) performed ramp-incremental cycle ergometry. Eighteen HF patients also performed slow (5±1 W/min), medium (9±4 W/min), and fast (19±6 W/min) ramps. Peak V˙O2/V˙E and V˙CO2/V˙E from X-Y plot, and LT and VCP from 9-panel plot, were determined by 2 independent, blinded, assessors. Peak V˙O2/V˙E (31.2±4.4 versus 41.8±4.8 mL/L;
conclusionsPeak circulatory equivalents during exercise are strongly associated with (but not identical to) LT and VCP. Peak circulatory equivalents are reliable, objective, effort-independent indices of gas-exchange abnormality in HF.
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Registered trials
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