ArticleBMC veterinary research2018
Antibiotic resistance pattern and virulence genes content in avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) from broiler chickens in Chitwan, Nepal.
Article in BMC veterinary research, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 81 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
81 citing papers in PubMed.
- First comprehensive analysis of virulence-associated gene profiles and co-occurrence patterns of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli isolated from chickens in northern Vietnam.Veterinary world · 2026Article
- Article
- Avian PathogenicVeterinary sciences · 2025Review
- Comprehensive Genomic and Phenotypic Characterization ofMicroorganisms · 2025Article
- Use of genome-scale metabolic reconstructions of avian pathogenicMicrobial genomics · 2025Article
- Exploring Virulence Characteristics of ClinicalMicroorganisms · 2025Article
- Serogroup Prevalence, Virulence Profile and Antibiotic Resistance of Avian PathogenicVeterinary sciences · 2025Article
- Histopathological Diagnosis and Detection ofArchives of Razi Institute · 2025Article
- Molecular Characterization, Antibiotic Resistance, and Biofilm Formation ofMicroorganisms · 2025Article
- Genomic features, antimicrobial resistance and pathogenicity assessment of Escherichia coli serotype O177:H51 strain JS01 isolated from a diseased chicken.BMC microbiology · 2025Article
- A rapid detection of Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) strains based on minimal number of virulence markers identified by whole genome sequencing.BMC microbiology · 2025Article
- Antimicrobial resistance, virulence gene profiles, and phylogenetic groups of Escherichia coli isolated from healthy broilers and broilers with colibacillosis in Thailand.BMC veterinary research · 2025Article
- Comprehensive Analysis ofMicroorganisms · 2025Article
- Antibiotic resistance dynamics of some common probioticVeterinary research forum : an international quarterly journal · 2025Article
- Review
- Molecular Analysis ofMicroorganisms · 2024Article
- Detection and characterization of multidrug resistant Escherichia coli carrying virulence gene isolated from broilers in Bangladesh.Veterinary medicine and science · 2024Article
- Molecular characterisation of virulence genes in bacterial pathogens from daycare centres in Ile-Ife, Nigeria: implications for infection control.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Determinants of Antibiotic Resistance and Virulence Factors in the Genome ofAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Antibiotic Resistance and Virulence Gene Patterns Associated with Multi Drug Resistant Avian PathogenicIndian journal of microbiology · 2024Article
21 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAvian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) are causative agent of extraintestinal infections, collectively known as colibacillosis, which results significant losses in poultry industries. The extraintestinal survival of E. coli is facilitated by numerous virulence factors which are coded by virulence genes. This study was conducted to find out the pattern of antibiotic resistance and virulence genes content in the APEC strains isolated from broiler chickens at National Avian Disease Investigation Laboratory and Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Rampur, Chitwan, Nepal.
resultsA total of 50 E. coli strains were isolated from 50 colibacillosis suspected broiler chickens. Out of 50 isolates of E. coli, 47 (94%) showed resistant to three or more antimicrobials. The highest levels (22%) of multidrug-resistant E. coli were observed for five different types of antimicrobials. Antibiogram profiles of 50 E. coli strains showed the maximum resistance to ampicillin (98%), followed by co-trimoxazole (90%), and doxycycline (62%). The highest intermediate resistance was shown by colistin (50%) and the highest sensitivity was against amikacin (84%), followed by nitrofurantoin (55%). Based on the genetic criteria, 45 (90%) E. coli isolates were considered as pathogenic (APEC) which contained more than five virulence genes. Out of total APEC genes detected, we found the combination of iss, iucD, hlyF, ompT, iroN, and iutA genes were mostly associated with the APEC and additionally, to some lesser extent irp2, papC, Cva/cvi, and tsh genes showed the critical role for virulent traits of APEC strains.
conclusionIn this study, high prevalent of antimicrobial resistant pattern was found with avian pathogenic E. coli strains isolated from broiler chickens. To our knowledge, this is the first molecular analysis which confirmed the prevalence of APEC strains in poultry sector in Nepal. These finding suggest the need of surveillance and intervention system to control misuse of antibiotics and APEC outbreak in the poultry farm.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.