ArticleNeurological research2018
Morphine reduces mouse microglial engulfment induced by lipopolysaccharide and interferon-γ via δ opioid receptor and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase.
Article in Neurological research, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Delta-opioid receptor-mediated neural protection and regeneration.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- The actions of morphine on microglia and the underlying effects on associated adverse effects.Psychopharmacology · 2026Review
- Molecular and Cellular Mechanism of Acupuncture: Neuro-Immune Interactions Based on Endogenous Opioid System.Chinese journal of integrative medicine · 2026Review
- δ-opioid Receptor, Microglia and Neuroinflammation.Aging and disease · 2023Review
- Down-regulation of kappa opioid receptor promotes ESCC proliferation, invasion and metastasis via the PDK1-AKT signaling pathway.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2022Article
- Morphine-mediated release of astrocyte-derived extracellular vesicle miR-23a induces loss of pericyte coverage at the blood-brain barrier: Implications for neuroinflammation.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Objective To investigate the effects of morphine on microglial phagocytosis during neuroinflammation. Methods C8-B4 mouse microglial cells were exposed to various concentrations of morphine after the stimulation with lipopolysaccharide and interferon-γ and then fluorescent immunostaining was performed to assess the percentage of microglia that engulfed fluorescent microspheres in total microglia. Naloxone, β funaltrexamine, or naltrindole was used with 1 μM morphine to assess the involvement of specific opioid receptor. P38 and phosphorylated p38 were determined by Western blotting. A p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activator (anisomycin 0.1 μM) or inhibitor (SB 203580, 20 μM) was used to determine the involvement of p38 MAPK pathway. Results Morphine decreased lipopolysaccharide and interferon-γ-induced microglial engulfment except the highest concentration (10 μM) and both naloxone and naltrindole (a selective δ opioid receptor antagonist) attenuated morphine effect (p < 0.001). The phosphorylated p38 was up-regulated in lipopolysaccharide and interferon-γ group compared with control group (p < 0.001). This up-regulation was decreased by 1 μM morphine (p < 0.001). However, naltrindole abolished this morphine effect (p = 0.015). SB203580 blocked the increased microglial engulfment induced by lipopolysaccharide and interferon-γ (p < 0.001); whereas, anisomycin enhanced the morphine-induced decrease of engulfment (p < 0.001). Conclusion Morphine reduced mouse microglial engulfment induced by lipopolysaccharide and interferon-γ. This morphine effect seems to be mediated by δ opioid receptor and via p38 MAPK inhibition.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.