ArticleUrology2018
Elevated Urine Levels of Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor in Inflammatory Bladder Conditions: A Potential Biomarker for a Subgroup of Interstitial Cystitis/Bladder Pain Syndrome Patients.
Article in Urology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Biomarkers in the diagnosis and symptom assessment of patients with bladder pain syndrome: a systematic review.International urogynecology journal · 2019Pooled it
- Urinary Biomarkers in Interstitial Cystitis and Bladder Pain Syndrome: A Narrative Review of Differential Diagnosis and Treatment Monitoring.International urogynecology journal · 2026Review
- Targeting CCR1-mediated macrophage phenotypic switching to alleviate bladder pain and urinary dysfunction in interstitial cystitis.Communications biology · 2026Article
- Animal Models of Hunner-Type Interstitial Cystitis.International journal of urology : official journal of the Japanese Urological Association · 2026Review
- A Review of the Etiopathology of Phenotypes in Interstitial Cystitis/Bladder Pain Syndrome.Neurourology and urodynamics · 2026Review
- Analysis of the diagnostic value of peripheral blood immune inflammatory indicators of female bladder pain syndrome.Frontiers in surgery · 2025Article
- Observational
- Lower Urinary Tract Inflammation and Infection: Key Microbiological and Immunological Aspects.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Matched serum- and urine-derived biomarkers of interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome.PloS one · 2024Article
- Correlation Between Serum and Urine Biomarkers and the Intensity of Acute Radiation Cystitis in Patients Treated With Radiation Therapy for Localized Prostate Cancer: Protocol for the Radiotoxicity Bladder Biomarkers (RABBIO) Study.JMIR research protocols · 2023Article
- What is the Diagnostic Accuracy of Novel Urine Biomarkers for Urinary Tract Infection?Biomarker insights · 2023Review
- Clinical Approach to Recurrent Voiding Dysfunction, Dysuria, and Pelvic Pain Persisting for at Least 3 Months.International neurourology journal · 2022Article
- Current Challenges in the Management of Chronic Pelvic Pain in Women: From Bench to Bedside.International journal of women's health · 2022Review
- NLRP3+ macrophages aggravate inflammatory cystitis in diabetes.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Anesthetic Bladder Capacity is a Clinical Biomarker for Interstitial Cystitis/Bladder Pain Syndrome Subtypes.Urology · 2021Article
- Article
- Comparison of deep phenotyping features of UCPPS with and without Hunner lesion: A MAPP-II Research Network Study.Neurourology and urodynamics · 2021Article
- Intravesical CD74 and CXCR4, macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) receptors, mediate bladder pain.PloS one · 2021Article
- Protective effect of Aster tataricus extract on NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis of bladder urothelial cells.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2020Article
- Advances in urinary biomarker discovery in urological research.Investigative and clinical urology · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo investigate whether urinary levels of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) are elevated in interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) patients with Hunner lesions and also whether urine MIF is elevated in other forms of inflammatory cystitis.
methodsUrine samples were assayed for MIF by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Urine samples from 3 female groups were examined: IC/BPS patients without (N = 55) and with Hunner lesions (N = 43), and non-IC/BPS patients (N = 100; control group; no history of IC/BPS; cancer or recent bacterial cystitis). Urine samples from 3 male groups were examined: patients with bacterial cystitis (N = 50), radiation cystitis (N = 18) and noncystitis patients (N = 119; control group; negative for bacterial cystitis).
resultsUrine MIF (mean MIF pg/mL ± standard error of the mean) was increased in female IC/BPS patients with Hunner lesions (2159 ± 435.3) compared with IC/BPS patients without Hunner lesions (460 ± 114.5) or non-IC/BPS patients (414 ± 47.6). Receiver operating curve analyses showed that urine MIF levels discriminated between the 2 IC groups (area under the curve = 72%; confidence interval 61%-82%). Male patients with bacterial and radiation cystitis had elevated urine MIF levels (2839 ± 757.1 and 4404 ± 1548.1, respectively) compared with noncystitis patients (681 ± 75.2).
conclusionUrine MIF is elevated in IC/BPS patients with Hunner lesions and also in patients with other bladder inflammatory and painful conditions. MIF may also serve as a noninvasive biomarker to select IC/BPS patients more accurately for endoscopic evaluation and possible anti-inflammatory treatment.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.