ArticleAnatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007)2018
Clarification of the Innervation of the Bladder, External Urethral Sphincter and Clitoris: A Neuronal Tracing Study in Female Mongrel Hound Dogs.
Article in Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007), 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Variations and Asymmetry in Sacral Ventral Rami Contributions to the Bladder.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Aging-related NADPH diaphorase positive neurodegenerations in the sacral spinal cord of aged non-human primates.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- A wireless, battery-free device for electrical neuromodulation of bladder contractions.Materials today. Bio · 2024Article
- Nerve transfer for restoration of lower motor neuron-lesioned bladder, urethral and anal sphincter function. Part 4: Effectiveness of the motor reinnervation.American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology · 2024Article
- De novo aging-related NADPH diaphorase positive megaloneurites in the sacral spinal cord of aged dogs.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Nerve transfer for restoration of lower motor neuron-lesioned bladder, urethral, and anal sphincter function in a dog model. Part 3. nicotinic receptor characterization.American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology · 2023Article
- The Frequency-Dependence of Pre- and Postganglionic Nerve Stimulation of Pig and Rat Bladder.International neurourology journal · 2021Article
- Nerve transfer for restoration of lower motor neuron-lesioned bladder function. Part 1: attenuation of purinergic bladder smooth muscle contractions.American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology · 2021Article
- Nerve transfer for restoration of lower motor neuron-lesioned bladder function. Part 2: correlation between histological changes and nerve evoked contractions.American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology · 2021Article
- Mapping of spinal interneurons involved in regulation of the lower urinary tract in juvenile male rats.IBRO reports · 2020Article
- Nerve transfer for restoration of lower motor neuron-lesioned bladder and urethra function: establishment of a canine model and interim pilot study results.Journal of neurosurgery. Spine · 2020Article
- Bladder reinnervation by somatic nerve transfer to pelvic nerve vesical branches does not reinnervate the urethra.Neurourology and urodynamics · 2020Article
- A study on preganglionic connections and possible viscerofugal projections from urinary bladder intramural ganglia to the caudal mesenteric ganglion in the pig.Journal of anatomy · 2019Article
- Article
- Determining integrity of bladder innervation and smooth muscle function 1 year after lower spinal root transection in canines.Neurourology and urodynamics · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Many studies examining the innervation of genitourinary structures focus on either afferent or efferent inputs, or on only one structure of the system. We aimed to clarify innervation of the bladder, external urethral sphincter (EUS) and clitoris. Retrograde dyes were injected into each end organ in female dogs. Spinal cord, mid-bladder, and spinal, caudal mesenteric, sympathetic trunk and pelvic plexus ganglia were examined for retrograde dye-labeled neurons. Neurons retrogradely labeled from the bladder were found primarily in L7-S2 spinal ganglia, spinal cord lateral zona intermedia at S1-S3 levels, caudal mesenteric ganglia, T11-L2 and L6-S2 sympathetic trunk ganglia, and pelvic plexus ganglia. The mid-bladder wall contained many intramural ganglia neurons labeled anterogradely from the pelvic nerve, and intramural ganglia retrogradely labeled from dye labeling sites surrounding ureteral orifices. Neurons retrogradely labeled from the clitoris were found only in L7 and S1 spinal ganglia, L7-S3 spinal cord lateral zona intermedia, and S1 sympathetic trunk ganglia, and caudal mesenteric ganglia. Neurons retrogradely labeled from the EUS were found in primarily at S1 and S2 spinal ganglia, spinal cord lamina IX at S1-S3, caudal mesenteric ganglia, and S1-S2 sympathetic trunk ganglia. Thus, direct inputs from the spinal cord to each end organ were identified, as well as multisynaptic circuits involving several ganglia, including intramural ganglia in the bladder wall. Knowledge of this complex circuitry of afferent and efferent inputs to genitourinary structures is necessary to understand and treat genitourinary dysfunction. Anat Rec, 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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