ArticleDigestive diseases and sciences2019
Tropheryma whipplei Infection (Whipple Disease) in the USA.
Article in Digestive diseases and sciences, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 50 citations in OpenAlex.
- Movement Disorders and Oculomotor Abnormalities in Whipple's Disease: An Updated Systematic Review.Tremor and other hyperkinetic movements (New York, N.Y.) · 2025Pooled it
- Deciphering whipple's disease complexity.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2026Review
- Clinical characteristics ofIDCases · 2026Article
- Article
- Molecular detection of Tropheryma whipplei DNA: a crucial tool for diagnosing Whipple's disease in the brain. Illustrative case.Journal of neurosurgery. Case lessons · 2025Article
- ExploringFrontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- Article
- Whipple's disease of the respiratory system: A case report.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2024Article
- Acute pneumonia due toHeliyon · 2024Article
- A 40-Year-Old Man with a 7-Year History of Polyarthritis and a Late Diagnosis of Whipple Disease: A Journey to Resolve the Mystery.The American journal of case reports · 2024Article
- Clinical, Laboratory, and Imaging Characteristics of Tropheryma Whipplei Detection in Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid Using Next-Generation Sequencing: A Case-Control Study.Infection and drug resistance · 2024Article
- Current knowledge of the immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in Whipple disease: a review.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Whipple's disease review, prevalence, mortality, and characteristics in the United States: A cross-sectional national inpatient study.Medicine · 2022Article
- Prevalence and detection of Tropheryma whipplei in the stools of Korean patients with diarrhea using real-time PCRs.Annals of clinical microbiology and antimicrobials · 2022Article
- The Brief Case: Tropheryma whipplei Infection Resulting in Neurological Symptoms.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2022Review
- Article
- Challenging case of Whipple's disease: The contribution of radiology.Radiology case reports · 2022Article
- Whipple's disease? A case report and discussion.Medicine and pharmacy reports · 2021Article
- Whipple's Disease: A Rare Cause of Malabsorption Syndrome.GE Portuguese journal of gastroenterology · 2020Article
- Whipple's disease: imaging contribution for a challenging case.BMJ case reports · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
8 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundWhipple disease (WD) is an infection caused by the bacterium Tropheryma whipplei (TW). Few cases have been reported in the USA.
aimsTo report on the demographics, clinical manifestations, diagnostic findings, treatment, and outcomes of TW infection.
methodsCases of TW infection diagnosed from 1995 to 2010 were identified in three US referral centers and from 1995 to 2015 in one. Definite classic WD was defined by positive periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining and probable WD by specific positive TW polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of intestinal specimens. Localized infections were defined by a positive TW PCR result from samples of other tissues/body fluids.
resultsAmong the 33 cases of TW infections, 27 (82%) were male. Median age at diagnosis was 53 years (range 11-75). Diagnosis was supported by a positive TW PCR in 29 (88%) and/or a positive PAS in 16 (48%) patients. Classic WD was the most frequent presentation (n = 18, 55%), with 14 definite and 4 probable cases. Localized infections (n = 15, 45%) affected the central nervous system (n = 7), joints (n = 4), heart (n = 2), eye (n = 1), and skeletal muscle (n = 1). Blood PCR was negative in 9 of 17 (53%) cases at diagnosis. Ceftriaxone intravenously followed by trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole orally was the most common regimen (n = 23, 70%). Antibiotic therapy resulted in clinical response in 24 (73%).
conclusionsTW infection can present as intestinal or localized disease. Negative small bowel PAS and PCR do not exclude the diagnosis of TW infection, and blood PCR is insensitive for active infection.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.