ArticleInternational journal of biometeorology2018
The unprecedented 2014 Legionnaires' disease outbreak in Portugal: atmospheric driving mechanisms.
Article in International journal of biometeorology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Biomarkers in pulmonary infections: a clinical approach.Annals of intensive care · 2024Review
- Recurrence, Microevolution, and Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Legionella pneumophila Sequence Type 1905, Portugal, 2014-2022.Emerging infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Climate and human health: a review of publication trends in the International Journal of Biometeorology.International journal of biometeorology · 2023Review
- Impact of meteorological conditions at multiple scales on ozone concentration in the Yangtze River Delta.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2021Article
- Opportunistic Premise Plumbing Pathogens. A Potential Health Risk in Water Mist Systems Used as a Cooling Intervention.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Multi-Scale Airborne Infectious Disease Transmission.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2021Review
- Large community-acquired Legionnaires' disease outbreak caused byEuro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2020Article
- Short-term associations between Legionnaires' disease incidence and meteorological variables in Belgium, 2011-2019.Epidemiology and infection · 2020Article
- Peaks of Fine Particulate Matter May Modulate the Spreading and Virulence of COVID-19.Earth systems and environment · 2020Article
- Investigation of atmospheric conditions fostering the spreading of legionnaires' disease in outbreaks related to cooling towers.International journal of biometeorology · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
A large outbreak of Legionnaires' disease occurred in November 2014 nearby Lisbon, Portugal. This epidemic infected 377 individuals by the Legionella pneumophila bacteria, resulting in 14 deaths. The primary source of transmission was contaminated aerosolized water which, when inhaled, lead to atypical pneumonia. The unseasonably warm temperatures during October 2014 may have played a role in the proliferation of Legionella species in cooling tower systems. The episode was further exacerbated by high relative humidity and a thermal inversion which limited the bacterial dispersion. Here, we analyze if the Legionella outbreak event occurred during a situation of extreme potential recirculation and/or stagnation characteristics. In order to achieve this goal, the Allwine and Whiteman approach was applied for a hindcast simulation covering the affected area during a near 20-year long period (1989-2007) and then for an independent period covering the 2014 event (15 October to 13 November 2014). The results regarding the average daily critical transport indices for the 1989-2007 period clearly indicate that the airshed is prone to stagnation as these events have a dominant presence through most of the study period (42%), relatively to the occurrence of recirculation (18%) and ventilation (17%) events. However, the year of 2014 represents an exceptional year when compared to the 1989-2007 period, with 53 and 33% of the days being classified as under stagnation and recirculation conditions, respectively.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.