ArticleBMJ open2018
Frequency of reporting on patient and public involvement (PPI) in research studies published in a general medical journal: a descriptive study.
Article in BMJ open, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 88 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
88 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Patient and public involvement in randomized trials of lifestyle intervention among pregnant women with obesity: An umbrella review.International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics · 2026Pooled it
- Patient and public involvement and engagement (PPIE) in Otolaryngology research: a systematic review of randomised controlled trials.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Systematic review on the frequency and quality of reporting patient and public involvement in patient safety research.BMC health services research · 2024Pooled it
- Reporting of PPI and the MCID in phase III/IV randomised controlled trials-a systematic review.Trials · 2023Pooled it
- A Systematic Review of Patient and Public Involvement (PPI) in Bariatric Research Trials: The Need for More Work.Obesity surgery · 2022Pooled it
- Publications and retracted articles of COVID-19 pharmacotherapy-related research: A systematic review.Science progressPooled it
- Effects of brand-matched alcoholic and alcohol-free and low-alcohol drinks adverts on drink selections: A United Kingdom-based randomised controlled trial in an experimental online supermarket.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2026Trial
- Questions for more insightful and useful analyses of barriers and facilitators to public involvement and engagement in health research: a critical narrative review.Research involvement and engagement · 2026Review
- Trends in patient and public involvement in health research 2000-2024.Research involvement and engagement · 2026Review
- Structured patient and public involvement programme development in low- and middle-income country health research: a scoping review of evidence gaps and a framework for future practice.Research involvement and engagement · 2026Review
- Exploring Stakeholder Involvement in Intervention Implementation Studies: Systematic Evidence Synthesis With an Evidence Gap Map Approach.Evaluation & the health professions · 2026Review
- Article
- Development of a personalized, modular intervention to promote dignity, meaning and mindfulness in palliative patients in a swiss acute-care hospital.BMC palliative care · 2026Article
- Patient and public involvement and engagement in target trial emulation framework: a scoping review protocol.BMJ open · 2026Article
- Patient and public involvement (PPI) reporting in maternal and neonatal clinical trials: an exploratory review.Trials · 2026Review
- A rapid evaluation of the reporting and publishing practices of patient and public involvement and engagement in health research within a UK university institute.Research involvement and engagement · 2026Review
- Beyond a buzzword: the need for shared language, education, and enhanced reporting of disability inclusive co-design research.Research involvement and engagement · 2026Article
- Patient and Public Involvement and Engagement within a UK blood cancer cohort: a case study.Research involvement and engagement · 2026Article
- Giving credit where credit's due - recognition of patient partners in health research.Research involvement and engagement · 2026Article
28 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesWhile documented plans for patient and public involvement (PPI) in research are required in many grant applications, little is known about how frequently PPI occurs in practice. Low levels of reported PPI may mask actual activity due to limited PPI reporting requirements. This research analysed the frequency and types of reported PPI in the presence and absence of a journal requirement to include this information. DESIGN AND
settingA before and after comparison of PPI reported in research papers published in
resultsBetween 1 June 2013 and 31 May 2014,
conclusionsInfrequent reporting of PPI activity does not appear to be purely due to a failure of documentation. Reporting of PPI activity increased after the introduction of
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.