ArticleArchives of disease in childhood2018
Caregiver experiences of racism and child healthcare utilisation: cross-sectional analysis from New Zealand.
Article in Archives of disease in childhood, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Increasing Underrepresentation of Pacific Peoples in Community-Based Respiratory Surveillance in Aotearoa New Zealand, 2018-2024.Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand · 2026Article
- Differences Between Black and White Caregivers in the Association Between Autism Diagnostic Process Satisfaction and Service Use.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2025Article
- Perceived racial discrimination, resilience, and oral health behaviours of adolescents with immigrant backgrounds.PloS one · 2025Article
- Eye care following pre-school vision screening: Data from the Growing Up in New Zealand study.Journal of paediatrics and child health · 2024Article
- "The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific · 2023Article
- Racism in Health Services for Adolescents: A Scoping Review.International journal of social determinants of health and health services · 2023Article
- Sleep inequities and associations between poor sleep and mental health for school-aged children: findings from the New Zealand Health Survey.Sleep advances : a journal of the Sleep Research Society · 2023Article
- The role of sleep in health and health inequities in early childhood in Aotearoa New Zealand.Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand · 2023Article
- Prevalence and predictors of developmental health difficulties within New Zealand preschool-aged children: a latent profile analysis.Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand · 2023Article
- Asthmatic Symptoms in Children and Adolescents: the Role of Maternal Experiences of Racial Discrimination.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2022Article
- Racism in healthcare: a scoping review.BMC public health · 2022Article
- Consequences of barriers to primary health care for children in Aotearoa New Zealand.SSM - population health · 2022Article
- 'It feels special when you're Māori'-voices of mokopuna Māori aged 6 to 13 years.Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand · 2022Article
- Clusters of adverse childhood experiences and unmet need for care coordination.Child abuse & neglect · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesChildren's exposure to racism via caregiver experience (vicarious racism) is associated with poorer health and development. However, the relationship with child healthcare utilisation is unknown. We aimed to investigate (1) the prevalence of vicarious racism by child ethnicity; (2) the association between caregiver experiences of racism and child healthcare utilisation; and (3) the contribution of caregiver socioeconomic position and psychological distress to this association.
designCross-sectional analysis of two instances of the New Zealand Health Survey (2006/2007: n=4535 child-primary caregiver dyads; 2011/2012: n=4420 dyads).
main outcome measuresChildren's unmet need for healthcare, reporting no usual medical centre and caregiver-reported dissatisfaction with their child's medical centre.
resultsThe prevalence of reporting 'any' experience of racism was higher among caregivers of indigenous Māori and Asian children (30.0% for both groups in 2006/2007) compared with European/Other children (14.4% in 2006/2007). Vicarious racism was independently associated with unmet need for child's healthcare (OR=2.30, 95% CI 1.65 to 3.20) and dissatisfaction with their child's medical centre (OR=2.00, 95% CI 1.26 to 3.16). Importantly, there was a dose-response relationship between the number of reported experiences of racism and child healthcare utilisation (eg, unmet need: 1 report of racism, OR=1.89, 95% CI 1.34 to 2.67; 2+ reports of racism, OR=3.06, 95% CI 1.27 to 7.37). Adjustment for caregiver psychological distress attenuated the association between caregiver experiences of racism and child healthcare utilisation.
conclusionsVicarious racism is a serious health problem in New Zealand disproportionately affecting Māori and Asian children and significantly impacting children's healthcare utilisation. Tackling racism may be an important means of improving inequities in child healthcare utilisation.
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