ArticleScientific reports2018
Repeatability and degree of territorial aggression differs among urban and rural great tits (Parus major).
Article in Scientific reports, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 61 citations in OpenAlex.
- Phenotypic Flexibility in the City: A Meta-Analysis on Variation.Ecology letters · 2026Pooled it
- The impact of urbanisation on social behaviour: a comprehensive review.Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society · 2026Pooled it
- Behavioral convergence under urbanization: An overlooked dimension of biotic homogenization.PLoS biology · 2026Article
- Flexibility of Territorial Aggression in Urban and Rural Chaffinches.Ecology and evolution · 2026Article
- Life history and nesting traits reflect urban tolerance in coastal birds.Royal Society open science · 2025Article
- Little Owl Aggression and Territory in Urban and Rural Landscapes.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Article
- The impact of anthropogenic noise on individual identification via female song in Black-capped chickadees (Poecile atricapillus).Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Breeder aggression does not predict current or future cooperative group formation in a cooperatively breeding bird.Ethology : formerly Zeitschrift fur Tierpsychologie · 2021Article
- A community context for aggression? Multi-species audience effects on territorial aggression in two species of Paridae.Ecology and evolution · 2021Article
- Human protection drives the emergence of a new coping style in animals.PLoS biology · 2021Article
- Consistent choice of landscape urbanization level across the annual cycle in a migratory waterbird species.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Of city and village mice: behavioural adjustments of striped field mice to urban environments.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Personality-dependent breeding dispersal in rural but not urban burrowing owls.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Repeatability of signalling traits in the avian dawn chorus.Frontiers in zoology · 2019Article
- Juvenile social experience generates differences in behavioral variation but not averages.Behavioral ecology : official journal of the International Society for Behavioral EcologyArticle
- Good guardian, bad parent: tradeoffs between territory defense and parental care in Darwin's finches.Behavioral ecology : official journal of the International Society for Behavioral EcologyArticle
- A cross-taxonomic explanatory framework for mobbing behavior.Behavioral ecology : official journal of the International Society for Behavioral EcologyArticle
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Animals in urban habitats face many novel selection pressures such as increased human population densities and human disturbance. This is predicted to favour bolder and more aggressive individuals together with greater flexibility in behaviour. Previous work has focussed primarily on studying these traits in captive birds and has shown increased aggression and reduced consistency between traits (behavioural syndromes) in birds from urban populations. However, personality (consistency within a behavioural trait) has not been well studied in the wild. Here we tested whether urban free-living male great tits show greater territorial aggression than rural counterparts. We also tested predictions that both behavioural syndromes and personality would show lower consistency in urban populations. We found that urban populations were more aggressive than rural populations and urban birds appeared to show lower levels of individual behavioural repeatability (personality) as predicted. However, we found no effect of urbanisation on behavioural syndromes (correlations between multiple behavioural traits). Our results indicate that urban environments may favour individuals which exhibit increased territorial aggression and greater within-trait flexibility which may be essential to success in holding urban territories. Determining how urban environments impact key fitness traits will be important in predicting how animals cope with ongoing urbanisation.
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