ArticlePloS one2018
A D-enantiomer of the antimicrobial peptide GL13K evades antimicrobial resistance in the Gram positive bacteria Enterococcus faecalis and Streptococcus gordonii.
Article in PloS one, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 53 citations in OpenAlex.
- Arabidopsis phospholipid modifications mediate cellulase-induced resistance to a fungal peptide antibiotic by imposing cell polarity.The New phytologist · 2026Article
- Targeted Modification of the Antimicrobial Peptide DGL13K Reveals a Naturally Optimized Sequence for Topical Applications.Microorganisms · 2025Article
- Resisting the resistance: the antimicrobial peptide DGL13K selects for small colony variants ofJournal of bacteriology · 2025Article
- ApoE Mimetic Peptide COG1410 KillsAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- The oral pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis gains tolerance to the antimicrobial peptide DGL13K by synonymous mutations in hagA.PloS one · 2024Article
- Anti-Infection of Oral Microorganisms from Herbal Medicine ofDrug design, development and therapy · 2024Review
- Topoisomeric Membrane-Active Peptides: A Review of the Last Two Decades.Pharmaceutics · 2023Review
- Important Roles and Potential Uses of Natural and Synthetic Antimicrobial Peptides (AMPs) in Oral Diseases: Cavity, Periodontal Disease, and Thrush.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2022Review
- Present status and future directions of intracanal medicaments.International endodontic journal · 2022Review
- Hybrid nanocoatings of self-assembled organic-inorganic amphiphiles for prevention of implant infections.Acta biomaterialia · 2022Article
- Article
- Interactions of two enantiomers of a designer antimicrobial peptide with structural components of the bacterial cell envelope.Journal of peptide science : an official publication of the European Peptide Society · 2022Article
- Facilitating GL13K Peptide Grafting on Polyetheretherketone via 1-Ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide: Surface Properties and Antibacterial Activity.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Biomimetic mineralized hybrid scaffolds with antimicrobial peptides.Bioactive materials · 2021Article
- Harnessing biomolecules for bioinspired dental biomaterials.Journal of materials chemistry. B · 2020Review
- Keratinocyte-Specific Peptide-Based Surfaces for Hemidesmosome Upregulation and Prevention of Bacterial Colonization.ACS biomaterials science & engineering · 2020Article
- Supramolecular Peptide Assemblies as Antimicrobial Scaffolds.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Engineered Cationic Antimicrobial Peptides (eCAPs) to Combat Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria.Pharmaceutics · 2020Review
- Natural Anti-biofilm Agents: Strategies to Control Biofilm-Forming Pathogens.Frontiers in microbiology · 2020Review
- Targeting the oral plaque microbiome with immobilized anti-biofilm peptides at tooth-restoration interfaces.PloS one · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides represent an alternative to traditional antibiotics that may be less susceptible to bacterial resistance mechanisms by directly attacking the bacterial cell membrane. However, bacteria have a variety of defense mechanisms that can prevent cationic antimicrobial peptides from reaching the cell membrane. The L- and D-enantiomers of the antimicrobial peptide GL13K were tested against the Gram-positive bacteria Enterococcus faecalis and Streptococcus gordonii to understand the role of bacterial proteases and cell wall modifications in bacterial resistance. GL13K was derived from the human salivary protein BPIFA2. Minimal inhibitory concentrations were determined by broth dilution and a serial assay used to determine bacterial resistance. Peptide degradation was determined in a bioassay utilizing a luminescent strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to detect peptide activity. Autolysis and D-alanylation-deficient strains of E. faecalis and S. gordonii were tested in autolysis assays and peptide activity assays. E. faecalis protease inactivated L-GL13K but not D-GL13K, whereas autolysis did not affect peptide activity. Indeed, the D-enantiomer appeared to kill the bacteria prior to initiation of autolysis. D-alanylation mutants were killed by L-GL13K whereas this modification did not affect killing by D-GL13K. The mutants regained resistance to L-GL13K whereas bacteria did not gain resistance to D-GL13K after repeated treatment with the peptides. D-alanylation affected the hydrophobicity of bacterial cells but hydrophobicity alone did not affect GL13K activity. D-GL13K evades two resistance mechanisms in Gram-positive bacteria without giving rise to substantial new resistance. D-GL13K exhibits attractive properties for further antibiotic development.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.