Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29561894›Full record

SynthesisPloS one2018

Cardiovascular disease risk factors in chronic kidney disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Rupert W Major, Mark R I Cheng, Robert A Grant, Saran Shantikumar, Gang Xu, Issaam Oozeerally, Nigel J Brunskill, Laura J Gray

Abstract readMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in PloS one, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 123 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
123citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

123 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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63 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Rupert W MajorDepartment of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom.ORCID 0000-0003-4920-623X
Mark R I ChengDepartment of Medical Education, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom.
Robert A GrantDepartment of Medical Education, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom.
Saran ShantikumarDepartment of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom.
Gang XuJohn Walls Renal Unit, Leicester General Hospital, University Hospitals of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom.
Issaam OozeerallyJohn Walls Renal Unit, Leicester General Hospital, University Hospitals of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom.
Nigel J BrunskillJohn Walls Renal Unit, Leicester General Hospital, University Hospitals of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom.
Laura J GrayDepartment of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND

objectivesChronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global health burden and is independently associated with increased cardiovascular disease risk. Assessment of cardiovascular risk in the general population using prognostic models based on routinely collected risk factors is embedded in clinical practice. In CKD, prognostic models may misrepresent risk due to the interplay of traditional atherosclerotic and non-traditional risk factors. This systematic review's aim was to identify routinely collected risk factors for inclusion in a CKD-specific cardiovascular prognostic model. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS AND MEASUREMENTS: Systematic review and meta-analysis of observational cohort studies and randomized controlled trials. Studies identified from MEDLINE and Embase searches using a pre-defined and registered protocol (PROSPERO ID-2016:CRD42016036187). The main inclusion criteria were individuals ≥18 years of age with non-endstage CKD. Routinely collected risk factors where multi-variable adjustment for established cardiovascular risk factors had occurred were extracted. The primary outcome was fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular events.

resultsThe review of 3,232, abstracts identified 29 routinely collected risk factors of which 20 were presented in more than 1 cohort. 21 cohorts were identified in relation to 27,465 individuals and 100,838 person-years. In addition to established traditional general population cardiovascular risk factors, left ventricular hypertrophy, serum albumin, phosphate, urate and hemoglobin were all found to be statistically significant in their association with future cardiovascular events.

conclusionsThese non-traditional risk factors should be assessed in the development of future cardiovascular prognostic models for use in individuals with CKD.

Indexed as

Cardiovascular DiseasesFemaleHumansMaleObservational Studies as TopicRenal Insufficiency, ChronicRisk Factors

Identifiers

PMID29561894
PMCPMC5862400

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.