Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29561067›Full record

SynthesisEarly intervention in psychiatry2018

Adjunctive nutrients in first-episode psychosis: A systematic review of efficacy, tolerability and neurobiological mechanisms.

Joseph Firth, Simon Rosenbaum, Philip B Ward, Jackie Curtis, Scott B Teasdale, Alison R Yung, Jerome Sarris

Open access · hybridAbstract readSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Early intervention in psychiatry, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
1.3field-weighted citation impact, top 25% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 28 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Hippocampal circuit dysfunction in psychosis.Translational psychiatry · 2022
    Review
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.

Joseph FirthNICM Health Research Institute, School of Science and Health, University of Western Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-0618-2752
Simon RosenbaumSchool of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Philip B WardSchool of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Jackie CurtisSchool of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Scott B TeasdaleSchool of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Alison R YungDivision of Psychology and Mental Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
Jerome SarrisNICM Health Research Institute, School of Science and Health, University of Western Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
UNSW Sydney · AUBlack Dog Institute · AUGreater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust · GBThe University of Melbourne · AUUniversity of Manchester · GB

Funding

Medical Research Council P117413F07
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimThe effects of nutrient-based treatments, including adjunctive vitamin or antioxidant supplementation, have been explored extensively in long-term schizophrenia. However, no systematic evaluation of trials in "first-episode psychosis" (FEP) has been conducted, despite the potential benefits of using these treatments during the early stages of illness. Therefore, we aimed to review all studies examining efficacy, tolerability and the biological mechanisms of action, of nutrient supplementation in FEP.

methodsA systematic review of electronic databases was conducted from inception to July 2017. All information on feasibility, clinical outcomes and mechanistic findings from nutrient supplementation clinical trials was extracted and systematically synthesized.

resultsEleven studies with a total of 451 patients with FEP (from 8 independent randomized controlled trials) were eligible for inclusion. Six studies examined omega-3 fatty acids, with inconsistent effects on psychiatric symptoms. However, mechanistic studies found significant improvements in hippocampal neuronal health and brain glutathione. Antioxidants "n-acetyl cysteine" (n = 1) and vitamin C (n = 2) also improved oxidative status in FEP, which was associated with reduced psychiatric symptoms. No benefits were found for vitamin E (n = 1). Finally, one study trialling the amino acid taurine, showed significant improvements in positive symptoms and psychosocial functioning.

conclusionThere is preliminary evidence that taurine improves outcomes in FEP, whereas effects of omega-3 and antioxidant vitamins/amino-acids are inconsistent; perhaps mainly benefitting patients with high levels of oxidative stress. Future studies should evaluate multifaceted dietary and supplementation interventions in FEP; targeting-specific nutritional deficits and the range of aberrant biological processes implicated in the disorder.

Indexed as

Dietary SupplementsDrug Therapy, CombinationHumansNutrientsPsychotic DisordersNutrientsamino acidsantioxidantsdietearly psychosisnutritionomega-3

Identifiers

PMID29561067
PMCPMC6175456
OpenAlexW2790293945

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.