ArticleChinese medicine2018
Paeoniflorin exerts neuroprotective effects by modulating the M1/M2 subset polarization of microglia/macrophages in the hippocampal CA1 region of vascular dementia rats via cannabinoid receptor 2.
Article in Chinese medicine, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 46 papers.
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Who cites it
46 citing papers in PubMed, 97 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Multi-omics integration reveals hypoxia-driven mechanisms in vascular dementia: a machine learning and single-cell sequencing approach.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2025Article
- Acupuncture reduces neuroinflammation and apoptosis, regulates peripheral immunity, and modulates T-cell subset distribution in vascular dementia rats.Chinese medicine · 2025Article
- Cannabinoid Receptor-2 Alleviates Sepsis-Induced Neuroinflammation by Modulating Microglia M1/M2 Subset Polarization Through Inhibiting Nogo-B Expression.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Article
- The Role of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Vascular Dementia.Cells · 2025Review
- Necroptosis in vascular cognitive impairment: mechanisms and therapeutic potential.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2025Review
- Advances of paeoniflorin in depression: the molecular mechanism and formula application.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
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- Exercise Improves Cerebral Blood Flow and Functional Outcomes in an Experimental Mouse Model of Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Dementia (VCID).Translational stroke research · 2024Article
- Quantitative Proteomics Reveal That CB2R Agonist JWH-133 Downregulates NF-κB Activation, Oxidative Stress, and Lysosomal Exocytosis from HIV-Infected Macrophages.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Linderane Attenuates Complete Freund's Adjuvant-Induced Pain and Anxiety in Mice by Restoring Anterior Cingulate Cortex Microglia M2 Polarization through Activating Cannabinoid 2 Receptor.ACS pharmacology & translational science · 2024Article
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- Network pharmacology andHeliyon · 2023Article
- CB2R agonist GW405833 alleviates acute liver failure in mice via inhibiting HIF-1α-mediated reprogramming of glycometabolism and macrophage proliferation.Acta pharmacologica Sinica · 2023Article
- Roles of microglia in adult hippocampal neurogenesis in depression and their therapeutics.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- RETRACTED: Neuroinflammatory Markers: Key Indicators in the Pathology of Neurodegenerative Diseases.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Natural Products as Novel Neuroprotective Agents; Computational Predictions of the Molecular Targets, ADME Properties, and Safety Profile.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundCerebral hypoperfusion is a pivotal risk factor for vascular dementia (VD), for which effective therapy remains inadequate. Persistent inflammatory responses and excessive chemotaxis of microglia/macrophages in the brain may accelerate the progression of VD. Endocannabinoids are involved in neuronal protection against inflammation-induced neuronal injury. Cannabinoids acting at cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB
methodsOne week after surgery, PF was intraperitoneally administered at a dose of 40 mg/kg once a day for 28 successive days. The effects of PF on memory deficit were investigated by a Morris water maze test, and the effects of PF on hippocampal neuronal damage were evaluated by light microscope and electron microscope. The mRNA and protein expression levels of key molecules related to the M1/M2 polarization of microglia/macrophages were assessed by RT-qPCR and Western blotting, respectively.
resultsAdministration of PF could significantly attenuate cerebral hypoperfusion-induced impairment of learning and memory and reduce the morphological and ultrastructural changes in the hippocampal CA1 region of rats. Moreover, PF promoted an M1 to M2 phenotype transition in microglia/macrophages in the hippocampus of rats. In addition to its inhibitory property against proinflammatory M1 mediator expression, such as IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and NO, PF dramatically up-regulated expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-10 and TGF-β1. Importantly, CB
conclusionThese findings demonstrated PF exerts its neuroprotective effect and shifts the inflammatory milieu toward resolution by modulation of microglia/macrophage polarization via CB
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