ReviewFrontiers in immunology2018
Adenosine A2A Receptor Signaling in the Immunopathogenesis of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Protection From Demyelination by the Novel Adenosine Dual AJournal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2025Article
- Combination of Treadmill Training and Inosine Enhance Nerve Regeneration and Functional Recovery After Mice Sciatic Nerve Transection.Journal of neuroscience research · 2025Article
- The Future of PET Imaging in Multiple Sclerosis: Characterisation of Individual White Matter Lesions.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Intrinsic ecto-5'-Nucleotidase/AMolecular neurobiology · 2024Article
- Cardiovascular abnormalities of long-COVID syndrome: Pathogenic basis and potential strategy for treatment and rehabilitation.Sports medicine and health science · 2024Review
- Adenosine signaling: a potential therapeutic target for psychogenic erectile dysfunction.American journal of translational research · 2024Review
- Caffeine and Its Antioxidant Properties-It Is All about Dose and Source.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- The possible role of the nucleoside adenosine in countering skin aging: A review.BioFactors (Oxford, England) · 2022Review
- GPR52 regulates cAMP in T cells but is dispensable for encephalitogenic responses.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Protective and therapeutic potentials of HDL and ApoA1 in COVID-19 elderly and chronic illness patients.Bulletin of the National Research Centre · 2022Review
- Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns As Double-Edged Swords in Sepsis.Antioxidants & redox signaling · 2021Review
- Oligodendrocyte precursor cell maturation: role of adenosine receptors.Neural regeneration research · 2021Review
- AFrontiers in neuroscience · 2021Review
- Microglia Specific Drug Targeting Using Natural Products for the Regulation of Redox Imbalance in Neurodegeneration.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2021Review
- AInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- Hypoxia, HIF-1α, and COVID-19: from pathogenic factors to potential therapeutic targets.Acta pharmacologica Sinica · 2020Review
- Adenosine Signaling in Autoimmune Disorders.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Pro-inflammatory Effect of Downregulated CD73 Expression in EAE Astrocytes.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Our increasing appreciation of adenosine as an endogenous signaling molecule that terminates inflammation has generated excitement regarding the potential to target adenosine receptors (ARs) in the treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS), a disease of chronic neuroinflammation. Of the four G protein-coupled ARs, A2ARs are the principal mediator of adenosine's anti-inflammatory effects and accordingly, there is a growing body of evidence surrounding the role of A2ARs in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), the dominant animal model of MS. Such evidence points to a complex, often paradoxical role for A2ARs in the immunopathogenesis of EAE, where they have the ability to both exacerbate and alleviate disease severity. This review seeks to interpret these paradoxical findings and evaluate the therapeutic promise of A2ARs. In essence, the complexities of A2AR signaling arise from two properties. Firstly, A2AR signaling downregulates the inflammatory potential of TH lymphocytes whilst simultaneously facilitating the recruitment of these cells into the CNS. Secondly, A2AR expression by myeloid cells - infiltrating macrophages and CNS-resident microglia - has the capacity to promote both tissue injury and repair in chronic neuroinflammation. Consequently, the therapeutic potential of targeting A2ARs is greatly undermined by the risk of collateral tissue damage in the periphery and/or CNS.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.