ReviewNature reviews. Rheumatology2018
Skeletal changes during and after spaceflight.
Review in Nature reviews. Rheumatology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 123 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
123 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Rejuvenation of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Mechanisms and Their Application in Senile Osteoporosis Treatment.Biomolecules · 2025Pooled it
- Nonuniform loss of muscle strength and atrophy during bed rest: a systematic review.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2021Pooled it
- Limited musculoskeletal benefits of artificial gravity combined with cycling during bed rest: Results from the BRACE study.Experimental physiology · 2026Trial
- Trial
- Microgravity-Induced Osteocyte Dysfunction: An Osteocyte Mechanobiology Unit Framework.Current osteoporosis reports · 2026Review
- Blood flow restriction: The acute effects of body tilting and reduced gravity analogues on limb occlusion pressure.Experimental physiology · 2026Article
- Impact of Microgravity on Cytoskeletal Dynamics, Protein Transport, and Signaling Networks: Potential Therapeutic Opportunities for Skin Health.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Article
- CDK12 mediates the inhibition effect of mechanical unloading on osteoblast proliferation by regulating RNAPII transcription activation.Bone & joint research · 2026Article
- Spaceflight and the rodent skeleton: A perspective.Bone reports · 2026Review
- Comparison of musculoskeletal responses and its variability after long-term spaceflight and prolonged bed rest conditions.NPJ microgravity · 2026Article
- Achilles tendon exhibits distinct transcriptomic changes with increased mitochondrial energy production under lunar gravity.NPJ microgravity · 2026Article
- The case for space as a model of accelerated aging.Nature aging · 2026Review
- Early skeletal deteriorations following short-duration spaceflight.NPJ microgravity · 2026Article
- The hierarchical stratum response system of organism to microgravity during spaceflight.Military Medical Research · 2026Review
- Challenges and dilemmas of exercise therapy in the management of osteoporosis: a narrative review.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- Piezo1-mediated mechanotransduction and metabolic regulation in bone health: molecular mechanisms and implications for bone disorders.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Staphylococcal enterotoxin C2 rescued simulated microgravity-induced bone loss and the trans-differentiation of BMSCs into adipocytes.NPJ microgravity · 2025Article
- Meta-Analysis of Ocy-454 Showed Interrupted Osteocyte Maturation in Spaceflight Affects SOST Expression and Hypoxic Response.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Integrative Omics Reveals Glutamine Catabolism-Driven Apoptotic Suppression in Monocytes upon Mechanical Unloading.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
63 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Space sojourns are challenging for life. The ability of the human body to adapt to these extreme conditions has been noted since the beginning of human space travel. Skeletal alterations that occur during spaceflight are now better understood owing to tools such as dual-energy X-ray densitometry and high-resolution peripheral quantitative CT, and murine models help researchers to understand cellular and matrix changes that occur in bone and that are difficult to measure in humans. However, questions remain with regard to bone adaptation and osteocyte fate, as well as to interactions of the skeleton with fluid shifts towards the head and with the vascular system. Further investigations into the relationships between the musculoskeletal system, energy metabolism and sensory motor acclimatisation are needed. In this regard, an integrated intervention is required that will address multiple systems simultaneously. Importantly, radiation and isolation-related stresses are gaining increased attention as the prospect of human exploration into deep space draws nearer. Although space is a unique environment, clear parallels exist between the effects of spaceflight, periods of immobilization and ageing, with possibly irreversible features. Space travel offers an opportunity to establish integrated deconditioning and ageing interventions that combine nutritional, physical and pharmaceutical strategies.
Indexed as
Identifiers
29559713What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.