Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29559306›Full record

ArticleJournal of clinical lipidology

Erythrocyte long-chain omega-3 fatty acid levels are inversely associated with mortality and with incident cardiovascular disease: The Framingham Heart Study.

William S Harris, Nathan L Tintle, Mark R Etherton, Ramachandran S Vasan

Erratum issuedOpen access · hybridAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of clinical lipidology. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 62 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
62citing papers in PubMed, 6 pooled it
10.3field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

62 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 136 citations in OpenAlex.

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  6. Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Stroke Burden.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019
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2 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

William S HarrisDepartment of Internal Medicine, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota; and OmegaQuant Analytics, LLC, Sioux Falls, SD, USA. Electronic address: bill@omegaquant.com.
Nathan L TintleDepartment of Mathematics & Statistics, Dordt College, Sioux Center, IA, USA.
Mark R EthertonDepartment of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Ramachandran S VasanNational Heart Lung and Blood Institute's, Boston University's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA; Departments of Cardiology and Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
Boston University · USDordt University · USHarvard University · USUniversity of South Dakota · US

Funding

Red Blood Cell Fatty Acid Biomarkers and Cardiovascular Disease RiskR01HL089590 · NHLBI · SANFORD RESEARCH/USD · PI HARRIS, WILLIAM S · 2008 to 2011
$683k
THE FRAMINGHAM HEART STUDY-N01HC25195-268025195-268025195N01HC025195 · HC · TRUSTEES OF BOSTON UNIVERSITY · PI WOLF, PHILIP A · 2002 to 2006
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NHLBI NIH HHS N01 HC025195NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL089590
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe extent to which omega-3 fatty acid status is related to risk for death from any cause and for incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains controversial.

objectiveTo examine these associations in the Framingham Heart Study.

designProspective and observational.

settingFramingham Heart Study Offspring cohort. MEASUREMENTS: The exposure marker was red blood cell levels of eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids (the Omega-3 Index) measured at baseline. Outcomes included mortality (total, CVD, cancer, and other) and total CVD events in participants free of CVD at baseline. Follow-up was for a median of 7.3 years. Cox proportional hazards models were adjusted for 18 variables (demographic, clinical status, therapeutic, and CVD risk factors).

resultsAmong the 2500 participants (mean age 66 years, 54% women), there were 350 deaths (58 from CVD, 146 from cancer, 128 from other known causes, and 18 from unknown causes). There were 245 CVD events. In multivariable-adjusted analyses, a higher Omega-3 Index was associated with significantly lower risks (P-values for trends across quintiles) for total mortality (P = .02), for non-CVD and non-cancer mortality (P = .009), and for total CVD events (P = .008). Those in the highest (>6.8%) compared to those in the lowest Omega-3 Index quintiles (<4.2%) had a 34% lower risk for death from any cause and 39% lower risk for incident CVD. These associations were generally stronger for docosahexaenoic acid than for eicosapentaenoic acid. When total cholesterol was compared with the Omega-3 Index in the same models, the latter was significantly related with these outcomes, but the former was not. LIMITATIONS: Relatively short follow-up time and one-time exposure assessment.

conclusionsA higher Omega-3 Index was associated with reduced risk of both CVD and all-cause mortality.

Indexed as

Longitudinal StudiesAdultAgedCardiovascular DiseasesCholesterolCohort StudiesErythrocytesFatty Acids, Omega-3FemaleHumansIncidenceMaleMiddle AgedCholesterolFatty Acids, Omega-3Docosahexaenoic acidEicosapentaenoic acidEpidemiologyOmega-3 fatty acidsProspective cohort study

Identifiers

PMID29559306
PMCPMC6034629
OpenAlexW2789096972

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.