ArticleParasites & vectors2018
Detection of Thelazia callipaeda in Phortica variegata and spread of canine thelaziosis to new areas in Spain.
Article in Parasites & vectors, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 48 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic review on infection and disease caused by Thelazia callipaeda in Europe: 2001-2020.Parasite (Paris, France) · 2020Pooled it
- Eye to eye withCurrent research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases · 2026Article
- Article
- Thelaziasis in humans: A systematic review of reported cases.New microbes and new infections · 2025Review
- Characteristics of canine thelaziasis in the Republic of Korea: a retrospective study (2022-2024).Journal of veterinary science · 2025Article
- Distribution, identification and ecology ofInternational journal of veterinary science and medicine · 2025Article
- The genome sequence of a nematode,Wellcome open research · 2025Article
- Population dynamics of sympatric Phortica spp. and first record of stable presence of Phortica oldenbergi in a Thelazia callipaeda-endemic area of Italy.Parasites & vectors · 2024Article
- Epidemiology of Ocular Thelaziosis in Domestic Dogs in Beijing.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Update on infections withCurrent research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases · 2024Article
- Occurrence of Thelazia callipaeda and its vector Phortica variegata in Austria and South Tyrol, Italy, and a global comparison by phylogenetic network analysis.Parasites & vectors · 2023Article
- Article
- Answer to November 2022 Photo Quiz.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2022Article
- Laboratory Culture and Life Cycle ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Development of Novel Management Tools for Phortica variegata (Diptera: Drosophilidae), Vector of the Oriental Eyeworm, Thelazia callipaeda (Spirurida: Thelaziidae), in Europe.Journal of medical entomology · 2022Article
- Feline thelaziosis (Journal of feline medicine and surgery · 2021Article
- Ocular thelaziosis: A case report of an emerging zoonosis.American journal of ophthalmology case reports · 2021Article
- Temperature is a common climatic descriptor of lachryphagous activity period in Phortica variegata (Diptera: Drosophilidae) from multiple geographical locations.Parasites & vectors · 2020Article
- First report of canine ocular thelaziosis in the Republic of Moldova.Parasites & vectors · 2019Article
- Vector-borne nematode diseases in pets and humans in the Mediterranean Basin: An update.Veterinary world · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe fruit fly Phortica variegata (Drosophilidae: Steganinae) feeds on the ocular secretions of animals and humans, and has been described as an intermediate host of the eye worm Thelazia callipaeda (Spirurida: Thelaziidae) in Italy. Despite the increased detection of T. callipaeda in many European countries, information about its vector role in natural conditions is still limited. In the Iberian Peninsula, thelaziosis caused by T. callipaeda has been reported in dogs, cats, red foxes, wild rabbits and humans.
methodsIn the last seven years, we have detected increased numbers of cases of canine thelaziosis at three locations in mainland Spain: Site 1, La Vera region (Cáceres Province, central-western Spain; 51 cases); Site 2, El Escorial municipality (Madrid Community, central Spain; 23 cases); and Site 3, Miraflores de la Sierra municipality (Madrid Community, central Spain; 41 cases). Site 1 is considered endemic for T. callipaeda while the other two sites have been recently recognised as risk zones for T. callipaeda infection.
resultsFrom June 2016 to September 2017, 2162 flies were collected and morphologically identified as Phortica spp. (Site 1, n = 395; Site 2, n = 1544; and Site 3, n = 223). Upon dissection, third-stage T. callipaeda larvae were found in two out of 155 flies examined from Site 1, and both these larvae tested molecularly positive for the eye worm. Of the 395 flies collected from Site 1, 371 were molecularly processed for arthropod species identification and T. callipaeda detection. All 371 flies were identified as P. variegata and 28 (7.5%; 95% CI: 4.8-10%) tested positive for T. callipaeda DNA haplotype 1.
conclusionsOur findings indicate that T. callipaeda circulates among dogs and P. variegata in Spain, where zoonotic cases have been also reported. The co-existence of canine thelaziosis and Phortica spp. in geographical areas previously considered free of the eye worm indicates a risk of infection for both animals and humans living in this region.
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