Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29556883›Full record

ReviewJournal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology2018

Cannabis Addiction and the Brain: a Review.

Amna Zehra, Jamie Burns, Christopher Kure Liu, Peter Manza, Corinde E Wiers, Nora D Volkow, Gene-Jack Wang

Registry-linked trialOpen access · hybridAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07638189 (Pilot Study Using Topical Cannabidiol), which is not on this map. Cited by 124 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
124citing papers in PubMed, 7 pooled it
13.9field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT07638189 phase2not yet recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2026, after this paper: background citation

Pilot Study Using Topical Cannabidiol (CBD) to Manage Osteoarthritic Knee Pain

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of TennesseeRan2026 to 2028Enrolled30ConditionsOsteoarthitisArmsCannabidiol (CBD), Castor Oil (Placebo)
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

124 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 237 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Pooled it
  5. Pooled it
  6. Pooled it
  7. Role of microRNAs in the pathophysiology of addiction.Wiley interdisciplinary reviews. RNA · 2021
    Pooled it
  8. Trial
  9. Article
  10. The role of subcortical brain tissue iron as an indicator of dopamine neurophysiology in adolescent cannabis use.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Genetic pleiotropy differentially linking brain variation to cannabis use and cannabis use disorder.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026
    Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Review

64 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Amna ZehraLaboratory of Neuroimaging, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive 31, Room B2L124, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
Jamie BurnsLaboratory of Neuroimaging, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive 31, Room B2L124, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
Christopher Kure LiuLaboratory of Neuroimaging, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive 31, Room B2L124, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
Peter ManzaLaboratory of Neuroimaging, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive 31, Room B2L124, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
Corinde E WiersLaboratory of Neuroimaging, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive 31, Room B2L124, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
Nora D VolkowLaboratory of Neuroimaging, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive 31, Room B2L124, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
Gene-Jack WangLaboratory of Neuroimaging, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive 31, Room B2L124, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA. gene-jack.wang@nih.gov.ORCID 0000-0002-5017-9905
National Institutes of Health · US

Funding

Neurobiology of Substance Abuse and AddictionZIAAA000550 · NIAAA · NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON ALCOHOL ABUSE AND ALCOHOLISM · PI VOLKOW, NORA D. · 2009 to 2025
$115.1M
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cannabis is the most commonly used substance of abuse in the United States after alcohol and tobacco. With a recent increase in the rates of cannabis use disorder (CUD) and a decrease in the perceived risk of cannabis use, it is imperative to assess the addictive potential of cannabis. Here we evaluate cannabis use through the neurobiological model of addiction proposed by Koob and Volkow. The model proposes that repeated substance abuse drives neurobiological changes in the brain that can be separated into three distinct stages, each of which perpetuates the cycle of addiction. Here we review previous research on the acute and long-term effects of cannabis use on the brain and behavior, and find that the three-stage framework of addiction applies to CUD in a manner similar to other drugs of abuse, albeit with some slight differences. These findings highlight the urgent need to conduct research that elucidates specific neurobiological changes associated with CUD in humans.

Indexed as

AnimalsBehavior, AddictiveBrainCannabisHumansMagnetic Resonance ImagingMarijuana AbuseMarijuana SmokingNerve NetReceptor, Cannabinoid, CB1Reinforcement, PsychologyReceptor, Cannabinoid, CB1DopamineMarijuanaSubstance use disordersTHC

Identifiers

PMID29556883
PMCPMC6223748
OpenAlexW2946187465

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.