ReviewFrontiers in veterinary science2018
A Review of Classical Swine Fever Virus and Routes of Introduction into the United States and the Potential for Virus Establishment.
Review in Frontiers in veterinary science, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Global prevalence of classical swine fever in domestic pigs: an integrative systematic review and meta-analysis.Tropical animal health and production · 2026Pooled it
- African Swine Fever: A One Health Perspective and Global Challenges.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Review
- Classical swine fever: Unveiling the complexity through a multifaceted approach.Open veterinary journal · 2024Review
- Torque Teno Sus Virus 1: A Potential Surrogate Pathogen to Study Pig-Transmitted Transboundary Animal Diseases.Viruses · 2024Article
- Identification and Characterization of a Novel B Cell Epitope of ASFV Virulence Protein B125R Monoclonal Antibody.Viruses · 2024Article
- p72 antigenic mapping reveals a potential supersite of vulnerability for African swine fever virus.Cell discovery · 2024Article
- Rapid Differential Detection of Wild-Type Classical Swine Fever Virus and Hog Cholera Lapinized Virus Vaccines by TaqMan MGB-Based Dual One-Step Real-Time RT-PCR.Veterinary sciences · 2024Article
- Oral Fluids for the Early Detection of Classical Swine Fever in Commercial Level Pig Pens.Viruses · 2024Article
- Article
- Article
- Development of a quadruplex real-time quantitative RT-PCR for detection and differentiation of PHEV, PRV, CSFV, and JEV.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2023Article
- Development of a multiplex qRT-PCR assay for detection of classical swine fever virus, African swine fever virus, andFrontiers in veterinary science · 2023Article
- Establishment and application of a solid-phase blocking ELISA method for detection of antibodies against classical swine fever virus.Journal of veterinary science · 2022Article
- Metagenomic Analysis of RNA Fraction Reveals the Diversity of Swine Oral Virome on South African Backyard Swine Farms in the uMgungundlovu District of KwaZulu-Natal Province.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Investigation into an outbreak of Border disease virus in pigs in England.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2022Article
- Epidemiological investigation and phylogenetic analysis of Classical Swine Fever virus in Yunnan province from 2015 to 2021.Journal of veterinary science · 2022Article
- Development of a one-step multiplex qRT-PCR assay for the detection of African swine fever virus, classical swine fever virus and atypical porcine pestivirus.BMC veterinary research · 2022Article
- Assessment of soy-based imports into the United States and associated foreign animal disease status.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2022Article
- A Multiplex Crystal Digital PCR for Detection of African Swine Fever Virus, Classical Swine Fever Virus, and Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2022Article
- Development of a multiplex qRT-PCR assay for detection of African swine fever virus, classical swine fever virus and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus.Journal of veterinary science · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Classical swine fever (CSF) is caused by CSF virus (CSFV) which can be the source of substantial morbidity and mortality events in affected swine. The disease can take one of several forms (acute, chronic, or prenatal) and depending on the virulence of the inoculating strain may result in a lethal infection irrespective of the form acquired. Because of the disease-free status of the United States and the high cost of a viral incursion, a summary of US vulnerabilities for viral introduction and persistence is provided. The legal importation of live animals as well as animal products, byproducts, and animal feed serve as a potential route of viral introduction. Current import regulations are described as are mitigation strategies that are commonly utilized to prevent pathogens, including CSFV, from entering the US. The illegal movement of suids and their products as well as an event of bioterrorism are both feasible routes of viral introduction but are difficult to restrict or regulate. Ultimately, recommendations are made for data that would be useful in the event of a viral incursion. Population and density mapping for feral swine across the United States would be valuable in the event of a viral introduction or spillover; density data could further contribute to understanding the risk of infection in domestic swine. Additionally, ecological and behavioral studies, including those that evaluate the effects of anthropogenic food sources that support feral swine densities far above the carrying capacity would provide invaluable insight to our understanding of how human interventions affect feral swine populations. Further analyses to determine the sampling strategies necessary to detect low levels of antibody prevalence in feral swine would also be valuable.
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