ArticleFrontiers in behavioral neuroscience2018
No Evidence for a Relationship Between Hair Testosterone Concentrations and 2D:4D Ratio or Risk Taking.
Article in Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- Hair testosterone and cortisol interactively predict problematic pornography use in a male sample.Journal of behavioral addictions · 2026Article
- Checking assumptions: advancing the analysis of sex and gender in health sciences.Biology of sex differences · 2026Review
- Do Child Gender Stereotypes Mediate Associations Between Human Fathers' Testosterone Levels and Paternal Involvement? Two Studies.Developmental psychobiology · 2025Article
- No evidence for an association of testosterone and cortisol hair concentrations with social decision-making in a large cohort of young adults.Social cognitive and affective neuroscience · 2024Article
- Sex-moderated relationship between the 2D:4D ratio and circulating hormones in an adult Ghanaian population.Physiological reports · 2023Article
- The causal effect of testosterone on men's competitive behavior is moderated by basal cortisol and cues to an opponent's status: Evidence for a context-dependent dual-hormone hypothesis.Journal of personality and social psychology · 2022Article
- Handgrip strength and 2D : 4D in women: homogeneous samples challenge the (apparent) gender paradox.Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2021Article
- Oxytocin moderates the association between testosterone-cortisol ratio and trustworthiness: A randomized placebo-controlled study.Comprehensive psychoneuroendocrinology · 2021Article
- Beyond the challenge hypothesis: The emergence of the dual-hormone hypothesis and recommendations for future research.Hormones and behavior · 2020Review
- No relationship between the digit ratios (2D:4D) and salivary testosterone change: Study on men under an acute exercise.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Masculinity and immune system efficacy in men.PloS one · 2020Article
- Three-month cumulative exposure to testosterone and cortisol predicts distinct effects on response inhibition and risky decision-making in adolescents.Psychoneuroendocrinology · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
Using a recently developed alternative assay procedure to measure hormone levels from hair samples, we examined the relationships between testosterone, cortisol, 2D:4D ratio, overconfidence and risk taking. A total of 162 (53 male) participants provided a 3 cm sample of hair, a scanned image of their right and left hands from which we determined 2D:4D ratios, and completed measures of overconfidence and behavioral risk taking. While our sample size for males was less than ideal, our results revealed no evidence for a relationship between hair testosterone concentrations, 2D:4D ratios and risk taking. No relationships with overconfidence emerged. Partially consistent with the Dual Hormone Hypothesis, we did find evidence for the interacting effect of testosterone and cortisol on risk taking but only in men. Hair testosterone concentrations were positively related to risk taking when levels of hair cortisol concentrations were low, in men. Our results lend support to the suggestion that endogenous testosterone and 2D:4D ratio are unrelated and might then exert diverging activating vs. organizing effects on behavior. Comparing our results to those reported in the existing literature we speculate that behavioral correlates of testosterone such as direct effects on risk taking may be more sensitive to state-based fluctuations than baseline levels of testosterone.
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