ArticleNature2018
Extensive impact of non-antibiotic drugs on human gut bacteria.
Article in Nature, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06156956 (Fecal Microbiota Transplantation to Eradicate Antibiotic-resistance Bacteria From the Gastrointestinal Tract of Patients at High Risk of Infection and/or to Cut Off the Spread of Bacteria With Dangerous Mechanisms of Antibiotic Resistance), which is not on this map. Cited by 1,024 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation to Eradicate Antibiotic-resistance Bacteria From the Gastrointestinal Tract of Patients at High Risk of Infection and/or to Cut Off the Spread of Bacteria With Dangerous Mechanisms of Antibiotic Resistance
Who cites it
1,024 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Unravelling the role of the gut microbiome in antipsychotic-induced weight gain and metabolic dysfunction in humans and rodents: A systematic review.Dialogues in clinical neuroscience · 2026Pooled it
- Gut, Oral, and Fungal Microbiota in Hypertension: A Multi-Compartment Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Leveraging artificial intelligence for analysis of the gut microbiome for dementia diagnosis: a scoping review and discussion.Frontiers in dementia · 2026Pooled it
- Global research trends and emerging frontiers of gut microbiota-drug interactions: a bibliometric and visualization analysis (2003-2025).Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Pooled it
- Pharmaco-psychiatry and gut microbiome: a systematic review of effects of psychotropic drugs for bipolar disorder.Microbiology (Reading, England) · 2025Pooled it
- Combined high-quality metagenomics reveals off-target effects of albendazole, ivermectin-albendazole and moxidectin-albendazole on the human gut bacteria.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2026Trial
- Effects of a combined energy restriction and vigorous-intensity exercise intervention on the human gut microbiome: A randomised controlled trial.The Journal of physiology · 2025Trial
- Effect of broccoli sprout extract and baseline gut microbiota on fasting blood glucose in prediabetes: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial.Nature microbiology · 2025Trial
- Tamoxifen induced hepatotoxicity via gut microbiota-mediated hyodeoxycholic acid depletion and Farnesoid X receptor signaling disruption.Gut microbes · 2026Article
- Article
- Altered SIgA-targeting of gut microbiota is associated with long-term dysbiosis in pediatric solid organ transplant recipients.Gut microbes · 2026Article
- Microbes and medicines: interrelationships between pharmaceuticals and the gut microbiome.Gut microbes · 2026Review
- Towards standardized gut microbiota diagnostics: normobiosis beyond geographical borders.Gut microbes · 2026Article
- Eggerthella lenta: metabolism, pathogenesis and therapeutic implications.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2026Review
- Pharmacomicrobiomics-driven targeted drug delivery for precision microbiome modulation.Daru : journal of Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences · 2026Review
- Consultations, (antibiotic) prescriptions, and productivity losses of patients with community-acquired respiratory tract infection: country-specific findings from the PRUDENCE trial.The European journal of health economics : HEPAC : health economics in prevention and care · 2026Article
- Fecal Aβ and tau aggregates are elevated in cognitive impairment and reveal peripheral proteopathic alterations.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2026Article
- Clinical Subtype Stratification Reveals Gut Microbial Alterations, Candidate Markers, and Co-Occurrence Network Remodeling in Coronary Artery Disease.Microorganisms · 2026Article
- Integrated multiomics analysis reveals metabolic and microbiome alterations in Wilson disease.iScience · 2026Article
964 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
Abstract
A few commonly used non-antibiotic drugs have recently been associated with changes in gut microbiome composition, but the extent of this phenomenon is unknown. Here, we screened more than 1,000 marketed drugs against 40 representative gut bacterial strains, and found that 24% of the drugs with human targets, including members of all therapeutic classes, inhibited the growth of at least one strain in vitro. Particular classes, such as the chemically diverse antipsychotics, were overrepresented in this group. The effects of human-targeted drugs on gut bacteria are reflected on their antibiotic-like side effects in humans and are concordant with existing human cohort studies. Susceptibility to antibiotics and human-targeted drugs correlates across bacterial species, suggesting common resistance mechanisms, which we verified for some drugs. The potential risk of non-antibiotics promoting antibiotic resistance warrants further exploration. Our results provide a resource for future research on drug-microbiome interactions, opening new paths for side effect control and drug repurposing, and broadening our view of antibiotic resistance.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.