ArticleScientific reports2018
HilD and PhoP independently regulate the expression of grhD1, a novel gene required for Salmonella Typhimurium invasion of host cells.
Article in Scientific reports, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Contrasting regulation of the ecp common pilus operon in Citrobacter rodentium: essential roles of a distal element and IHF even in the absence of H-NS.Archives of microbiology · 2026Article
- The divergentMicrobiology (Reading, England) · 2026Article
- SirA, CsrBC and HilD form in vivo a regulatory cascade that controls the SP1-1 and SPI-2 gene expression when Salmonella Typhimurium is in the intestinal lumen and are required for cecal colonization and liver dissemination in the avian model.Archives of microbiology · 2025Article
- Two Additional Connections between the Transcriptional Programs Controlling Invasion and Intracellular Replication of Salmonella: HilD-SprB Positively RegulatesJournal of bacteriology · 2022Article
- Regulatory Evolution of theJournal of bacteriology · 2022Article
- Hibiscus Acid fromMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Transcriptome Analyses of Chicken Primary Macrophages Infected With AttenuatedFrontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- How the PhoP/PhoQ System Controls Virulence and MgMicrobiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2021Review
- An incoherent feedforward loop formed by SirA/BarA, HilE and HilD is involved in controlling the growth cost of virulence factor expression by Salmonella Typhimurium.PLoS pathogens · 2021Article
- HilD induces expression of a novel Salmonella Typhimurium invasion factor, YobH, through a regulatory cascade involving SprB.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- PhoP-Mediated Repression of the SPI1 Type 3 Secretion System in Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium.Journal of bacteriology · 2019Article
- SlyA and HilD Counteract H-NS-Mediated Repression on theJournal of bacteriology · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
When Salmonella is grown in the nutrient-rich lysogeny broth (LB), the AraC-like transcriptional regulator HilD positively controls the expression of genes required for Salmonella invasion of host cells, such as the Salmonella pathogenicity island 1 (SPI-1) genes. However, in minimal media, the two-component system PhoP/Q activates the expression of genes necessary for Salmonella replication inside host cells, such as the SPI-2 genes. Recently, we found that the SL1344_1872 hypothetical gene, located in a S. Typhimurium genomic island, is co-expressed with the SPI-1 genes. In this study we demonstrate that HilD induces indirectly the expression of SL1344_1872 when S. Typhimurium is grown in LB; therefore, we named SL1344_1872 as grhD1 for gene regulated by HilD. Furthermore, we found that PhoP positively controls the expression of grhD1, independently of HilD, when S. Typhimurium is grown in LB or N-minimal medium. Moreover, we demonstrate that the grhD1 gene is required for the invasion of S. Typhimurium into epithelial cells, macrophages and fibroblasts, as well as for the intestinal inflammatory response caused by S. Typhimurium in mice. Thus, our results reveal a novel virulence factor of Salmonella, whose expression is positively and independently controlled by the HilD and PhoP transcriptional regulators.
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