Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29554963›Full record

ArticleHealth and quality of life outcomes2018

CHF-PROM: validation of a patient-reported outcome measure for patients with chronic heart failure.

Jing Tian, Jiangping Xue, Xiaojuan Hu, Qinghua Han, Yanbo Zhang

Abstract readMulticenter StudyValidation Study
In one paragraph

Article in Health and quality of life outcomes, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
14citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  3. Understanding data visualization techniques in qualitative studies used to develop and validate patient-reported outcome measures: a targeted literature review.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Jing TianDepartment of Cardiology, The 1st Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, 85 South Jiefang Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, 030001, China.
Jiangping XueDepartment of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, 56 South XinJian Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, 030001, China.
Xiaojuan HuDepartment of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, 56 South XinJian Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, 030001, China.
Qinghua HanDepartment of Cardiology, The 1st Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, 85 South Jiefang Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, 030001, China. syyyqhhan@sohu.com.
Yanbo ZhangDepartment of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, 56 South XinJian Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, 030001, China. sxmuzyb@126.com.

Funding

Key Research and Development Project of Shanxi Province 201603D321101National Nature Science Foundation of China 81273180
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundDue to a lack of an appropriate disease-specific patient-reported outcome (PRO) instrument for chronic heart failure including its social support and treatment aspects in China, this study was performed to develop a patient-reported outcome measure (PROM) for patients with chronic heart failure and evaluate its reliability, validity, and feasibility.

methodsAccording to the standard PROM guidelines established by the Food and Drug Administration, an item pool was formed by reviewing a large amount of relevant literature and interviewing patients with chronic heart failure about their main symptoms. Thus, the primary scale was created after adjusting the items and language with the help of patients and experts in the field. Next, 155 patients from 8 hospitals in different districts were recruited for a pilot survey using questionnaires containing these items. The patients' responses were analyzed using the classical test theory and item response theory to select high-quality items and determine the subdomains of the scale. This was followed by a formal investigation in the same eight hospitals. In total, 360 patients and 100 healthy subjects were included to evaluate the reliability, validity, and feasibility of the items. Through this process, the final scale was established.

resultsThe final scale comprised 12 subdomains with 57 items related to physical, psychological, social, and therapeutic areas. The data analysis results of the formal investigation showed that the PROM for chronic heart failure had good reliability, validity, and feasibility. Reliability was verified by Cronbach's alpha coefficient, which was 0.913 for the total scale, 0.903 for the physical domain, 0.941 for the psychological domain, 0.827 for the social domain, and 0.839 for the therapeutic domain. The construct validity results met the relative criteria of confirmatory factor analysis. Discriminant validity was represented by score comparisons of nine subdomains. The response rate and the effective rate of return of the CHF-PROM were 98.94% and 98.92%, respectively.

conclusionsThe final scale coincides with the theoretical framework and better reflects the overall quality of life of patients with chronic heart failure. This scale can be used as a valid instrument to evaluate clinical treatment and clinical trials of chronic heart failure.

Indexed as

Patient Reported Outcome MeasuresQuality of LifeAdultCase-Control StudiesChinaChronic DiseaseFactor Analysis, StatisticalFemaleHeart FailureHumansMaleMiddle AgedReproducibility of ResultsChronic heart failure (CHF)Item response theory (IRT)Item selectionPatient-reported outcome (PRO)ReliabilityValidity

Identifiers

PMID29554963
PMCPMC5859646

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.