ArticleJournal of visualized experiments : JoVE2018
An In Vivo Blood-brain Barrier Permeability Assay in Mice Using Fluorescently Labeled Tracers.
Article in Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
43 citing papers in PubMed.
- Type I IFN coordinates resistance and tolerance against Zika virus disease by inducing NK cell recruitment and limiting neutrophil-driven neuropathology in the brain.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2026Article
- Early binding of anti-amyloid antibodies to CAA drives complement activation, inflammation and ARIA in mice.Molecular neurodegeneration · 2026Article
- Blood IL-6 is a critical trigger of depressive symptoms in a mouse model for human atopic dermatitis.Translational psychiatry · 2026Article
- Structure-Property-Function Relationships in Stimuli-Responsive Hydrogels for Brain Organoid Vascularization.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Early Binding of Anti-Amyloid Antibodies to CAA Drives Complement Activation, Inflammation and ARIA in Mice.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- The 129S1/SvlmJ mouse strain recapitulates severe hypertensive target organ damage under moderate angiotensin II-induced hypertension.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Translocation of bacteria from the gut to the brain in mice.PLoS biology · 2026Article
- Scalable and multimodal brain angiogenesis and blood-brain barrier genetics by somatic mutagenesis.Communications biology · 2026Article
- Endothelial TRIM47 regulates blood-brain barrier integrity and cognition via the KEAP1/NRF2 signalling pathway in mice.Communications biology · 2026Article
- Adiponectin deficiency drives cerebrovascular dysfunction and synergizes with amyloid-β to exacerbate alzheimer's pathology.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2026Article
- Diurnal behavioral outcomes and BBB integrity in adult male SHR and WKY rats.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Cannabinoid Receptors Modulate Physiological Remodelling of the Blood-Testis Barrier.Journal of cellular physiology · 2025Article
- Real-time single-vessel analysis reveals vascular-type-dependent blood-brain barrier dysfunction in rodent models of status epilepticus and neuroinflammation.Neurophotonics · 2025Article
- Rab7a is required to degrade select blood-brain barrier junctional proteins after ischemic stroke.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2025Article
- Overcoming the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in pediatric CNS tumors: immunotherapy and nanomedicine-driven strategies.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2025Review
- Article
- Rnf40 Exacerbates Hypertension-Induced Cerebrovascular Endothelial Barrier Dysfunction by Ubiquitination and Degradation of Parkin.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2025Article
- Regulation of the blood-brain barrier function by peripheral cues in health and disease.Metabolic brain disease · 2024Review
- PNA5, A Novel Mas Receptor Agonist, Improves Neurovascular and Blood-Brain-Barrier Function in a Mouse Model of Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Dementia.Aging and disease · 2024Article
- Microphysiological Blood-Brain Barrier Systems for Disease Modeling and Drug Development.Advanced healthcare materials · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a specialized barrier that protects the brain microenvironment from toxins and pathogens in the circulation and maintains brain homeostasis. The principal sites of the barrier are endothelial cells of the brain capillaries whose barrier function results from tight intercellular junctions and efflux transporters expressed on the plasma membrane. This function is regulated by pericytes and astrocytes that together form the neurovascular unit (NVU). Several neurological diseases such as stroke, Alzheimer's disease (AD), brain tumors are associated with an impaired BBB function. Assessment of the BBB permeability is therefore crucial in evaluating the severity of the neurological disease and the success of the treatment strategies employed. We present here a simple yet robust permeability assay that have been successfully applied to several mouse models both, genetic and experimental. The method is highly quantitative and objective in comparison to the tracer fluorescence analysis by microscopy that is commonly applied. In this method, mice are injected intraperitoneally with a mix of aqueous inert fluorescent tracers followed by anesthetizing the mice. Cardiac perfusion of the animals is performed prior to harvesting brain, kidneys or other organs. Organs are homogenized and centrifuged followed by fluorescence measurement from the supernatant. Blood drawn from the cardiac puncture just before perfusion serves for normalization purpose to the vascular compartment. The tissue fluorescence is normalized to the wet weight and serum fluorescence to obtain a quantitative tracer permeability index. For additional confirmation, the contralateral hemi-brain preserved for immunohistochemistry can be utilized for tracer fluorescence visualization purposes.
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