Trial reportJournal of endovascular therapy : an official journal of the International Society of Endovascular Specialists2018
Edoxaban Plus Aspirin vs Dual Antiplatelet Therapy in Endovascular Treatment of Patients With Peripheral Artery Disease: Results of the ePAD Trial.
Trial report in Journal of endovascular therapy : an official journal of the International Society of Endovascular Specialists, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01802775 (A Randomized, Open-Label, Parallel-Group, Multi-Center Study Of Adding Edoxaban Or Clopidogrel To Aspirin To Maintain Patency In Subjects With Peripheral Arterial Disease Following Femoropopliteal Endovascular Intervention), which is not on this map. Cited by 31 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Randomized, Open-Label, Parallel-Group, Multi-Center Study Of Adding Edoxaban Or Clopidogrel To Aspirin To Maintain Patency In Subjects With Peripheral Arterial Disease Following Femoropopliteal Endovascular Intervention
Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 96 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic review of the use of oral anticoagulants in patients with peripheral arterial disease.Future cardiology · 2025Pooled it
- Hypoglycemia as a potential risk for patients taking clopidogrel: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Pooled it
- Pooled it
- The efficacy and safety of direct oral anticoagulants plus aspirin in symptomatic lower extremity peripheral arterial disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Journal of thrombosis and thrombolysis · 2021Pooled it
- Efficacy and Safety of Antiplatelet Therapies in Symptomatic Peripheral Artery Disease: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.Current vascular pharmacology · 2021Pooled it
- Enrollment of Historically Underrepresented Groups in Peripheral Arterial Disease Trials: A Systematic Review.Journal of the Society for Cardiovascular Angiography & Interventions · 2026Review
- Oral Anticoagulant Management for Peripheral Vascular Disease.Advances in surgery · 2025Review
- Medical Therapy for Peripheral Artery Disease.Current cardiology reports · 2024Review
- Comparison of direct oral anticoagulants and warfarin in chronic limb-threatening ischemia.Journal of vascular surgery · 2024Observational
- Personalized Approaches to Cardiovascular Disease: Insights into FDA-Approved Interventions and Clinical Pharmacogenetics.Current pharmaceutical design · 2024Review
- Diabetes- versus smoking-related thrombo-inflammation in peripheral artery disease.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2023Review
- Dual Antiplatelet Therapy or Antiplatelet Plus Anticoagulant Therapy in Patients with Peripheral and Chronic Coronary Artery Disease: An Updated Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- Antithrombotic Therapy in Peripheral Artery Disease: Current Evidence and Future Directions.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2023Review
- Rivaroxaban plus aspirin vs. dual antiplatelet therapy in endovascular treatment in peripheral artery disease and analysis of medication utilization of different lesioned vascular regions.Frontiers in surgery · 2023Article
- The Role of the Coagulation System in Peripheral Arterial Disease: Interactions with the Arterial Wall and Its Vascular Microenvironment and Implications for Rational Therapies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Anticoagulation and Antiplatelet Agents in Peripheral Arterial Interventions.Seminars in interventional radiology · 2022Review
- Clinical Outcomes after Endovascular Revascularisation of the Femoropopliteal Arterial Segment in Patients with Anticoagulant versus Antiplatelet Therapy: A Single-Centre Retrospective Cohort Study.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2022Article
- Mono or Dual Antiplatelet Therapy for Treating Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease after Lower Extremity Revascularization: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Antithrombotic therapy in peripheral arterial disease.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2022Review
- Bleeding risks with novel oral anticoagulants especially rivaroxaban versus aspirin: a meta-analysis.Thrombosis journal · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors at 9 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeTo report a randomized study that investigated the safety (risk of major bleeds) and potential efficacy of edoxaban, an oral anticoagulant that targets the major components of arterial thrombi, to prevent loss of patency following endovascular treatment (EVT).
methodsBetween February 2012 and June 2014, 203 patients who underwent femoropopliteal EVT were randomized to receive aspirin plus edoxaban or aspirin plus clopidogrel for 3 months in the Edoxaban in Peripheral Arterial Disease (ePAD) study ( ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT01802775). Randomization assigned 101 patients (mean age 68.0±10.4 years; 67 men) to the edoxaban group and 102 patients (mean age 66.7±8.6 years; 78 men) to the clopidogrel group. The primary safety endpoint was bleeding as classified by the TIMI (Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction) criteria and ISTH (International Society of Thrombosis and Hemostasis) criteria; the efficacy endpoint was the rate of restenosis/reocclusion.
resultsThere were no major or life-threatening bleeding events in the edoxaban group, while there were 2 major and 2 life-threatening bleeding events in the clopidogrel group by the TIMI criteria. By the ISTH classification, there was 1 major and 1 life-threatening bleeding event vs 5 major and 2 life-threatening bleeding events, respectively [relative risk (RR) 0.20, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.02 to 1.70]. The bleeding risk was not statistically different with either treatment when assessed by TIMI or ISTH. Following 6 months of observation, there was a lower incidence of restenosis/reocclusion with edoxaban compared with clopidogrel (30.9% vs 34.7%; RR 0.89, 95% CI 0.59 to 1.34, p=0.643).
conclusionThese results suggest that patients who have undergone EVT have similar risks for major and life-threatening bleeding events with edoxaban and aspirin compared with clopidogrel and aspirin. The incidence of restenosis/reocclusion events, while not statistically different, was lower with edoxaban and aspirin, but an adequately sized trial will be needed to confirm these findings.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.