ReviewCurrent rheumatology reports2018
The Representation of Gender and Race/Ethnic Groups in Randomized Clinical Trials of Individuals with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.
Review in Current rheumatology reports, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 59 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
59 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 95 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association of race and ethnicity with mortality in adults with SLE: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis.Lupus science & medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Recruitment, retention and reporting of variables related to ethnic diversity in randomised controlled trials: an umbrella review.BMJ open · 2024Pooled it
- Trends in Patient Representation in Low Back Pain Pharmacological Randomized Clinical Trials, 2011 to 2020: A Systematic Review.The journal of pain · 2024Pooled it
- Twenty-year trends in racial and ethnic enrollment in large diabetes randomized controlled trials.BMC medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Demographic Characteristics of Participants in Rheumatoid Arthritis Randomized Clinical Trials: A Systematic Review.JAMA network open · 2019Pooled it
- Overcoming barriers to recruitment and retention of African-American women with SLE in behavioural interventions: lessons learnt from the WELL study.Lupus science & medicine · 2020Trial
- Demographic and disease representativeness of Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance (CARRA) Registry participants with lupus: a single center retrospective cohort.Pediatric rheumatology online journal · 2026Article
- Reporting of Race and Ethnicity in SLE Studies in High-Impact Rheumatology Journals.Open access rheumatology : research and reviews · 2026Article
- Immunopathogenesis of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Interplay of Innate and Adaptive Immunity, Microbiome Dysbiosis, and Emerging Therapeutic Targets.Pathophysiology : the official journal of the International Society for Pathophysiology · 2025Review
- A 20-year reflection on women in rheumatology.Nature reviews. Rheumatology · 2025Article
- Article
- Informing trial measurement in systemic lupus erythematosus: frequency of domain-specific disease activity in a multinational cohort.Lupus science & medicine · 2025Article
- Sex- and gender-related differences in systemic lupus erythematosus: a scoping review.Rheumatology international · 2025Article
- Racial differences in clinical trial perceptions among a large, predominantly Black cohort of people with systemic lupus erythematosus in the Southeastern USA.Lupus science & medicine · 2025Article
- Cutaneous lupus erythematosus: Expanding clinical trial eligibility criteria based on quality of life data.Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · 2024Article
- Article
- Geographic and Demographic Representation in Industry-Sponsored, US-Based Clinical Trials of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Therapies.The Journal of rheumatology · 2024Article
- An intersectionality framework for identifying relevant covariates in health equity research.Frontiers in public health · 2024Review
- Feasibility and Utility of a Pilot Peer Education Program to Improve Patient Engagement in Lupus Clinical Trials: Implementation and Evaluation in a Multisite Model Within a Lupus Clinical Trials Network.ACR open rheumatology · 2023Article
- Health Equity Implications of Missing Data Among Youths With Childhood-Onset Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Proof-of-Concept Study in the Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance Registry.Arthritis care & research · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purpose of reviewThis review evaluated gender and race/ethnic representation in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). RECENT
findingsWhites comprise 33% of prevalent SLE cases and comprised 51% of RCT enrollees. Blacks encompass 43% of prevalent SLE cases, but only represented 14% of RCT enrollees. Hispanics comprise 16% of prevalent SLE cases and 21% of RCT enrollees, while Asians comprise 13% of prevalent SLE cases and 10% of RCT enrollees. Males encompass 9% of SLE cases and 7% of RCT enrollees. The reporting and representation of males have remained stable over time, although their representation in RCTs is slighter lower than the prevalence of SLE in males. The representation of Hispanics, Asians, and Native Americans increased over time. However, the representation of blacks among RCT participants has decreased since 2006-2011. RCTs among SLE patients need larger sample sizes in order to evaluate heterogeneity in outcomes among racial subgroups. It is imperative that novel strategies be developed to recruit racial minorities with SLE by identifying and improving barriers to RCT enrollment in order to better understand the disease's diverse population.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.