ReviewNeurobiology of learning and memory2019
Using animal models to evaluate the functional consequences of anesthesia during early neurodevelopment.
Review in Neurobiology of learning and memory, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed.
- Effect of remimazolam tosilate on early cognitive function in elderly patients undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy.Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology · 2022Trial
- Sevoflurane versus propofol and the long-term risk of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children.General psychiatry · 2026Article
- Therapeutic Values of General Anesthetics: From Developmental Neurotoxicity to Neurotherapeutic Agents.Current neuropharmacology · 2026Review
- Environmental exposures and epigenetic alterations in common chronic diseases: insights and challenges.Environmental epigenetics · 2026Review
- Comprehensive characterization of chronic midazolam exposure on neonates and long-term neurodevelopment.Molecular psychiatry · 2025Article
- From neurotoxicity to neuroprotection: Rethinking GABACell biology and toxicology · 2025Review
- Age-dependent cerebral vasodilation induced by volatile anesthetics is mediated by NG2Communications biology · 2024Article
- Unveiling the hidden dangers: a review of non-apoptotic programmed cell death in anesthetic-induced developmental neurotoxicity.Cell biology and toxicology · 2024Review
- Exposure to Sedation and Analgesia Medications: Short-term Cognitive Outcomes in Pediatric Critical Care Survivors With Acquired Brain Injury.Journal of intensive care medicine · 2024Article
- Article
- General Anesthesia and the Young Brain: The Importance of Novel Strategies with Alternate Mechanisms of Action.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Do We Have Viable Protective Strategies against Anesthesia-Induced Developmental Neurotoxicity?International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Cognitive Dysfunction After Analgesia and Sedation: Out of the Operating Room and Into the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2021Review
- Potential Neurodevelopmental Effects of Pediatric Intensive Care Sedation and Analgesia: Repetitive Benzodiazepine and Opioid Exposure Alters Expression of Glial and Synaptic Proteins in Juvenile Rats.Critical care explorations · 2020Article
- Caffeine reverses the unconsciousness produced by light anesthesia in the continued presence of isoflurane in rats.PloS one · 2020Article
- General anesthesia, germ cells and the missing heritability of autism: an urgent need for research.Environmental epigenetics · 2020Article
- Repeated neonatal isoflurane exposures in the mouse induce apoptotic degenerative changes in the brain and relatively mild long-term behavioral deficits.Scientific reports · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Fifteen years ago Olney and colleagues began using animal models to evaluate the effects of anesthetic and sedative agents (ASAs) on neurodevelopment. The results from ongoing studies indicate that, under certain conditions, exposure to these drugs during development induces an acute elevated apoptotic neurodegenerative response in the brain and long-term functional impairments. These animal models have played a significant role in bringing attention to the possible adverse effects of exposing the developing brain to ASAs when few concerns had been raised previously in the medical community. The apoptotic degenerative response resulting from neonatal exposure to ASAs has been replicated in many studies in both rodents and non-human primates, suggesting that a similar effect may occur in humans. In both rodents and non-human primates, significantly increased levels of apoptotic degeneration are often associated with functional impairments later in life. However, behavioral deficits following developmental ASA exposure have not been consistently reported even when significantly elevated levels of apoptotic degeneration have been documented in animal models. In the present work, we review this literature and propose a rodent model for assessing potential functional deficits following neonatal ASA exposure with special reference to experimental design and procedural issues. Our intent is to improve test sensitivity and replicability for detecting subtle behavioral effects, and thus enhance the translational significance of ASA models.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.