ArticleAmerican journal of ophthalmology2018
In Vivo Confocal Microscopy Cellular Features of Host and Organism in Bacterial, Fungal, and Acanthamoeba Keratitis.
Article in American journal of ophthalmology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 55 citations in OpenAlex.
- Orthokeratology lens-relatedThe Journal of international medical research · 2021Pooled it
- Continuous voriconazole lavage in managing moderate and severe fungal keratitis: a randomized controlled trial.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2023Trial
- Diagnostic information Profiling and Evaluation of Causative Fungi of Fungal Keratitis Using High-throughput Internal Transcribed Spacer Sequencing.Scientific reports · 2020Trial
- The combined use of in vivo confocal microscopy and optical coherence tomography in monitoring corneal infections.Eye (London, England) · 2026Article
- Article
- Navigating the Challenges of Acanthamoeba Keratitis: Current Trends and Future Directions.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Diagnostic features of Acanthamoeba keratitis via in vivo confocal microscopy.Scientific reports · 2025Observational
- Targets for the diagnosis ofmSphere · 2025Article
- Subclinical corneal inflammation and subbasal nerve alterations in keratoconus detected by in vivo confocal microscopy: a cross-sectional study.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2025Article
- Clinical Characteristics and In Vivo Confocal Microscopic Study in Candida Keratitis.Translational vision science & technology · 2025Article
- Risk Factors, Clinical Characteristics, and Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns ofAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Diagnostic performance of deep learning for infectious keratitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.EClinicalMedicine · 2024Article
- Understanding Acanthamoeba Keratitis: An In-Depth Review of a Sight-Threatening Eye Infection.Microorganisms · 2024Review
- Differentiation of acanthamoeba keratitis from other non-acanthamoeba keratitis: Risk factors and clinical features.PloS one · 2024Article
- Application of Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing in the Diagnosis of Infectious Keratitis.Journal of ophthalmology · 2024Article
- Diagnosis ofDiagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Urgent unmet needs in the care of bacterial keratitis: An evidence-based synthesis.The ocular surface · 2023Article
- Microbial keratitis in Sao Paulo, Brazil: a 10-year review of laboratory results, epidemiological features, and risk factors.Arquivos brasileiros de oftalmologia · 2023Review
- Diagnostic armamentarium of infectious keratitis: A comprehensive review.The ocular surface · 2022Review
- Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Fungal Keratitis in the United Kingdom 2011-2020: A 10-Year Study.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
purposeTo determine cellular features of fungal (FK), Acanthamoeba (AK), and bacterial keratitis (BK) using HRT3 in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM).
designProspective observational cross-sectional study.
methodsEligible participants were adults with microbiologically positive FK, AK, or BK, of size ≥ 3 mm, attending Aravind Eye Hospital from February 2012 to February 2013. Exclusion criteria were descemetocele or perforation. At presentation, IVCM imaging was performed, then corneal scrapes were obtained for culture/light microscopy. An experienced grader (masked to microbiology/clinical features) assessed IVCM images for presence/absence of normal keratocyte-like morphology, stellate interconnected cells with/without visible nuclei, dendritiform cells (DFCs), inflammatory cells in a honeycomb distribution, and organism features. Statistical significance was assessed by logistic regression, adjusted for age, sex, ulcer size, and symptom duration. Main outcome measures were presence/absence of IVCM features in FK, AK, BK.
resultsA total of 183 participants had FK, 18 AK, 17 BK. Acanthamoeba appeared as bright spots (16/18, 89%), double-walled cysts (15/18, 83%), or signet rings (3/18, 17%), and often formed clusters after topical steroid use (univariable odds ratio [OR] 9.98, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02-97.96, P = .048). BK was associated with bullae in anterior stroma (OR 9.99, 95% CI: 3.11-32.06, P < .001). Honeycomb distribution of anterior stromal inflammatory cells was associated with FK (univariable OR 2.74, 95% CI: 1.01-7.40, P = .047). Aspergillus ulcers were associated with stromal DFCs (OR 11.05, 95% CI: 1.49-82.13, P = .019) and Fusarium ulcers with stellate appearance of interconnected cell processes with nuclei (OR 0.24, 95% CI: 0.09-0.65, P = .005).
conclusionSpecific cellular and structural features observed using IVCM in microbial keratitis may be associated with organism.
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Registered trials
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