Trial reportJournal of nutrition education and behavior2018
Salad Bars Increased Selection and Decreased Consumption of Fruits and Vegetables 1 Month After Installation in Title I Elementary Schools: A Plate Waste Study.
Trial report in Journal of nutrition education and behavior, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- School Nutrition Environment and Services: Policies and Practices That Promote Healthy Eating Among K-12 Students.The Journal of school health · 2023Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Interventions for increasing fruit and vegetable consumption in children aged five years and under.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2020Pooled it
- Interventions for increasing fruit and vegetable consumption in children aged five years and under.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2019Pooled it
- A cluster randomized factorial trial of school-lunch salad bars and marketing on elementary students' objectively measured fruit and vegetable consumption.The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2025Trial
- Trial
- Validity of Weighed and Digital Photography Diet Estimation Study in a Childcare Setting.Journal of human nutrition and dietetics : the official journal of the British Dietetic Association · 2025Article
- Unraveling Future Trends in Free School Lunch and Nutrition: Global Insights for Indonesia from Bibliometric Approach and Critical Review.Nutrients · 2025Review
- Nutritional Intervention Programs for Sustainability: A Scoping Review on Full Food Utilization and the Clean Leftovers Reuse.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Exploring the Cross-Sectional Relationship Between Implementation Supports for Adopting Nutrition Standards and the Nutritional Quality of School Lunches Served.Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics · 2025Article
- Impact of school salad bars on fruit and vegetable selection, intake, and waste in Mid-Atlantic elementary schools.The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2025Observational
- School Nutrition Personnel Perceptions of School Salad Bars before and after COVID-19.Nutrients · 2024Article
- Design and rationale for evaluating the impact of salad bars on elementary school students' fruit, vegetable, and energy intake: a wait list control, cluster randomized controlled trial.BMC public health · 2022Article
- Salad bars and energy intake in Virginia elementary schools with free meals.Preventive medicine reports · 2021Article
- Food Waste in Schools: A Pre-/Post-test Study Design Examining the Impact of a Food Service Training Intervention to Reduce Food Waste.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Using digital imagery to quantify students' added sugar intake at lunch in Title I schools with universal free meals.Preventive medicine reports · 2020Article
- Salad Bars and Fruit and Vegetable Intake in Title I Elementary Schools.Health behavior and policy review · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo evaluate the 1-month impact of salad bars on fruit and vegetable (FV) selection, intake, and waste.
designPre-post quasi-experimental design.
settingTitle I elementary schools in a large, urban district in central Virginia.
participantsStudents (grades 1-5; >95% African American) from 2 elementary schools participated in plate waste assessments (282 plates were rated at baseline, 443 at post-assessment); fourth- and fifth-grade students from 15 (of 18 eligible) schools (n = 1,193) responded to surveys.
interventionDigital imagery plate waste assessments were conducted before salad bars were installed (baseline) and 1 month afterward (post). Post-surveys examined student perceptions of salad bars.
main outcome measuresFruit and vegetable selection, consumption, and waste. ANALYSIS: General linear models (without considering clustering) examined changes in outcomes, controlling for school. Frequencies and qualitative analyses were applied to survey data.
resultsAt post, students selected more types of FVs (1.81-2.58; P < .001), although FV consumption decreased by 0.65 cups (P < .001). Given the smaller portions selected, there was less FV waste (0.27 cups; P < .001) at post. Students liked the ability to choose FV from salad bars. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: Short-term exposure to salad bars increased the number of FV students chose but decreased FV consumption. Additional strategies are needed to increase FV consumption.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.