ArticleMolecular diagnosis & therapy2018
Multiplex PCR from Menstrual Blood: A Non-Invasive Cost-Effective Approach to Reduce Diagnostic Dilemma for Genital Tuberculosis.
Article in Molecular diagnosis & therapy, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparison of menstrual blood and endometrial biopsy as specimens in the diagnosis of female genital tuberculosis: a systematic review.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Pooled it
- Review
- The secrets of menstrual blood: emerging frontiers from diagnostic tools to stem cell therapies.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025Review
- Female Genital Tuberculosis.Open forum infectious diseases · 2022Review
- Role of latent female genital tuberculosis in recurrent early pregnancy loss: A retrospective analysis.International journal of reproductive biomedicine · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aimGenital tuberculosis (GTB) is a potent contributor to irreversible damage to the reproductive system and infertility in females. As no gold standard diagnostic tool is yet available, clinical suspicion and relatively insensitive approaches such as histopathology, laparoscopy and hysterosalpingogram are currently critical determinants in the diagnosis of GTB. Although a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based assay using endometrial tissue seems promising, sampling does require an invasive procedure.
objectiveWe hypothesized that menstrual blood may provide an alternate non-invasive source of samples for PCR-based GTB diagnosis.
methodsWe enrolled 195 women with primary infertility in whom GTB was suspected. We obtained ethics committee approval from our institution and written informed consent from subjects. Endometrial tissue and menstrual blood was collected from the subjects and culture, histopathology, and multiplex PCR with both sample type was performed for each subject.
resultsThe sensitivity and specificity of multiplex PCR was, respectively, 90.2 and 86.1% for menstrual blood, 95.8 and 84.3% for endometrial tissue, and 64.8 and 93.2% for histopathology staining.
conclusionsA strong clinical suspicion aided with multiplex PCR using menstrual blood may significantly reduce the diagnostic dilemma for GTB diagnosis in a non-invasive, sensitive, rapid, and cost-effective manner.
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