ArticleBMJ open2018
Diagnostic accuracy of the Ottawa 3DY and Short Blessed Test to detect cognitive dysfunction in geriatric patients presenting to the emergency department.
Article in BMJ open, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Screening instruments for cognitive impairment in older patients in the Emergency Department: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Age and ageing · 2021Pooled it
- Ultrasound-Guided Regional Anesthesia by Emergency Physicians for Hip Fractures and Delirium: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2025Trial
- Characteristics and outcomes of hospitalized older adults admitted for medical reasons at university teaching hospitals in Rwanda.BMC geriatrics · 2026Article
- High prevalence of unrecognized postoperative delirium in elderly patients: a prospective cohort study from a resource-limited country.Patient safety in surgery · 2025Article
- Inter-rater and intra-rater reliability of the Chinese version of the short orientation-memory-concentration test in people with stroke.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciences · 2025Article
- Metabolic syndrome and symptom burden in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation survivors.Future oncology (London, England) · 2024Article
- Psychometric Evaluation of a Tablet-Based Tool to Detect Mild Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults: Mixed Methods Study.Journal of medical Internet research · 2024Article
- Detecting Cognitive Impairment and Dementia in the Emergency Department: A Scoping Review.Journal of the American Medical Directors Association · 2022Article
- Screening for Mild Cognitive Impairment in the Preoperative Setting: A Narrative Review.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- The Ottawa 3DY Predicts Mortality in a Prospective Cohort Study.Canadian geriatrics journal : CGJ · 2022Article
- Abnormal preoperative cognitive screening in aged surgical patients: a retrospective cohort analysis.British journal of anaesthesia · 2021Observational
- Rapid In-Person Cognitive Screening in the Preoperative Setting: Test Considerations and Recommendations from the Society for Perioperative Assessment and Quality Improvement (SPAQI).Perioperative care and operating room management · 2020Article
- Rapid in-person cognitive screening in the preoperative setting: Test considerations and recommendations from the Society for Perioperative Assessment and Quality Improvement (SPAQI).Journal of clinical anesthesia · 2020Review
- Ability of Older Adults to Report Elder Abuse: An Emergency Department-Based Cross-Sectional Study.Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesCognitive dysfunction (CD) is a common finding in geriatric patients presenting to the emergency department (ED). Our primary objective was to determine the diagnostic accuracy of the Ottawa 3DY (O3DY) and Short Blessed Test (SBT) as screening tools for the detection of CD in the ED. Our secondary objective was to estimate the inter-rater reliability of these instruments.
methodsWe conducted a prospective cross-sectional comparative study at an inner-city academic medical centre (annual ED visit census 86 000). Patients aged 75 years or greater were evaluated for inclusion, 163 were screened, 150 were deemed eligible and 117 were enrolled. The research team completed the O3DY, SBT and Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE) for each participant. Descriptive statistics were calculated. Sensitivity and specificity of the O3DY and SBT were calculated in STATA V.11.2 using the MMSE as our criterion standard.
resultsWe enrolled 117 patients from June to November 2016. The median ED length of stay at the time of completion of all tests was 1:40 (IQR 1:34-1:46). The sensitivity of the O3DY was 71.4% (95% CI 47.8 to 95.1), and specificity was 56.3% (46.7-65.9). Sensitivity of the SBT was 85.7% (67.4-99.9) and specificity was 58.3% (48.7-67.8). The receiver operating characteristic area under the curve was calculated for the O3DY (0.51; 95% CI 0.42 to 0.61) and SBT (0.52; 95% CI 0.43 to 0.61) relative to the MMSE. Inter-rater reliability for the O3DY (k=0.64) and SBT (k=0.63) were good.
conclusionIn a cohort of geriatric patients presenting to an inner-city academic ED, the O3DY and SBT tools demonstrate moderate sensitivity and specificity for the detection of CD. Inter-rater reliability for the O3DY and SBT were good. Future research on this topic should attempt to derive and validate ED-specific screening tools, which will hopefully result in more robust likelihood ratios for the screening of CD in ED geriatric patients.
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