ArticleExperimental and therapeutic medicine2018
Triptolide induces autophagy and apoptosis through ERK activation in human breast cancer MCF-7 cells.
Article in Experimental and therapeutic medicine, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine overcoming of radiotherapy resistance in breast cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Pooled it
- Anti-Cancer Research Progress of Triptolide: Mechanisms of Action, Structural Modifications, Nanodelivery Systems and Clinical Challenges.Drug design, development and therapy · 2026Review
- The emerging role of mitochondria in the pharmacological and toxicological effects of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F: functions, targets and new therapeutic applications.Chinese medicine · 2025Review
- Yijing Decoction improves premature ovarian failure in rats by activating VEGF/VEGFR-2/FAK pathway.Journal of ovarian research · 2025Article
- TRPV1-Dependent Antiproliferative Activity of DioeciousInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Recent Advances in Nanotechnology-Based Targeted Delivery Systems of Active Constituents in Natural Medicines for Cancer Treatment.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- ELF1 suppresses autophagy to reduce cisplatin resistance via the miR-152-3p/NCAM1/ERK axis in lung cancer cells.Cancer science · 2023Article
- Tackling heterogeneity in treatment-resistant breast cancer using a broad-spectrum therapeutic approach.Cancer drug resistance (Alhambra, Calif.) · 2022Article
- Terpenoids' anti-cancer effects: focus on autophagy.Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death · 2021Review
- ERK: A Double-Edged Sword in Cancer. ERK-Dependent Apoptosis as a Potential Therapeutic Strategy for Cancer.Cells · 2021Review
- Autophagy promotes invadopodia formation in human ovarian cancer cells via the p62-extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 pathway.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2021Article
- Triptolide reverses epithelial-mesenchymal transition in glioma cells via inducing autophagy.Annals of translational medicine · 2021Article
- Phytochemicals in Cancer Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy.Biomolecules · 2021Review
- Triptolide inhibits matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression and invasion of breast cancer cells through the inhibition of NF-κB and AP-1 signaling pathways.Oncology letters · 2021Article
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- Triptolide-induced apoptosis in non-small cell lung cancer via a novel miR204-5p/Caveolin-1/Akt-mediated pathway.Oncotarget · 2020Article
- An Overview of Saturated Cyclic Ethers: Biological Profiles and Synthetic Strategies.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Review
- Triptolide Inhibits Breast Cancer Cell Metastasis Through Inducing the Expression of miR-146a, a Negative Regulator of Rho GTPase.Oncology research · 2019Article
- Cadmium induces A549 cell migration and invasion by activating ERK.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2019Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
To investigate the effects of triptolide (TPI) on proliferation, autophagy and death in human breast cancer MCF-7 cells, and to elucidate the associated molecular mechanisms, intracellular alterations were analyzed using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and flow cytometry assays. The results of the MTT assay revealed that TPI significantly reduced the MCF-7 cell survival rate when the concentration was >10 nmol/l. TPI activated a caspase cascade reaction by regulating Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), caspase-3 and B-cell lymphoma 2 expression, and promoted programmed cell death via the mitochondrial pathway. The results demonstrated that TPI significantly reduced the cell proliferation rate and viability in a time- and dose-dependent manner, which was confirmed by western blotting and immunofluorescent staining. TPI induced autophagy and influenced p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Erk)1/2, and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) phosphorylation, which resulted in apoptosis. When cells were treated with a combination of TPI and the Erk1/2 inhibitor U0126, the downregulation of P62 and upregulation of Bax were inhibited, which demonstrated that the inhibition of Erk1/2 reversed the autophagy changes induced by TPI. The results indicated that Erk1/2 activation may be a novel mechanism by which TPI induces autophagy and apoptosis in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. In conclusion, TPI affects the proliferation and apoptosis of MCF-7 cells, potentially via autophagy and p38/Erk/mTOR phosphorylation. The present study offers a novel view of the mechanisms by which TPI regulates cell death.
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