ArticlePloS one2018
Is substance use associated with HIV cascade outcomes in Latin America?
Article in PloS one, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- The Caribbean, Central and South America Network for HIV Epidemiology: 20 Years of HIV Research in the Region.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2026Article
- Longitudinal associations between depression, substance use, and immune activation and inflammation: A secondary analysis of men who have sex with men living with HIV in Brazil (HPTN 063).Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2026Article
- Characterization of People Living with HIV Who Inject Drugs in Mexico City: Importance for Transmission and Detection.AIDS patient care and STDs · 2025Article
- Migratory Movements and Its Effect on the Epidemiology and Clinical Profile of HIV Infection in Quito, Ecuador.AIDS research and treatment · 2025Review
- Healthcare Utilization Among Persons with HIV and Unhealthy Alcohol Use in St. Petersburg, Russia.AIDS and behavior · 2024Article
- Article
- Clinical Follow-Up in People Living with HIV During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Mexico.AIDS and behavior · 2022Article
- HIV and Substance Use in Latin America: A Scoping Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Substance Use-Related Intentional Nonadherence to Antiretroviral Therapy Among Young Adults Living with HIV.AIDS patient care and STDs · 2022Article
- Determinants of loss to care and risk of clinical progression in PLWH who are re-engaged in care after a temporary loss.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Design and Development of a Risk Classification Instrument for Virological Failure in HIV, Using Psychosocial Determinants of Health: Preliminary Evidence from a South American Country.AIDS and behavior · 2021Article
- Substance use service availability in HIV treatment programs: Data from the global IeDEA consortium, 2014-2015 and 2017.PloS one · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe HIV care cascade has improved in Latin America over the last decade. However, the influence of alcohol and noninjected drug use (NIDU) on cascade outcomes is mostly unknown. This study estimated the association of alcohol and NIDU with retention in care, loss to follow up (LTFU), and virologic failure (VF).
methodsIndividuals ≥18 years attending routine HIV clinic visits and completing the Rapid Screening Tool (RST; evaluating NIDU and ART adherence in 7-day recall period) during 2012-13 were followed up to 2015 in the Caribbean, Central and South America network for HIV epidemiology. Adjusted odds ratios (aOR) were calculated for the association of alcohol consumption and NIDU with retention in care by logistic regression; adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) were estimated for the associations with LTFU and VF by Cox regression.
resultsAmong 3604 individuals, the proportions retained in care for one year were 84%, 79%, 72%, and 69% for patients reporting non-use, alcohol use, NIDU, and both alcohol and NIDU, respectively. For the same patient groups, the proportions LTFU over 18 months were 6%, 8%, 12%, and 13%, respectively. There were 1901 patients (53%) with HIV RNA results; VF proportions were similar between users and nonusers (ranging from 14-16%). After controlling for age, sex, study site, HIV transmission mode, time on ART, AIDS status, and CD4 count, neither alcohol use (aOR = 1.1, CI = 0.9-1.4; aHR = 1.0, CI = 0.8-1.3) nor NIDU (aOR = 1.3, CI = 0.9-1.8; aHR = 1.4, CI = 0.9-2.1) were significantly associated with retention or VF, respectively. However, both alcohol use (aHR = 1.2, CI = 1.02-1.4) and NIDU (aHR = 1.3, CI = 1.00-1.8) were associated with increased LTFU.
conclusionAlcohol use and NIDU in a 7-day recall period increased the risk of being LTFU during the next 18 months, highlighting the need for routine screening and targeted interventions to keep these individuals in care and on ART.
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