ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2018
Characterization of Multiple Cytokine Combinations and TGF-β on Differentiation and Functions of Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 55 papers.
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Who cites it
55 citing papers in PubMed, 83 citations in OpenAlex.
- Inflammatory phenotype drives different immunosuppressive response in COPD exacerbations.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2026Article
- Inflammation identity crisis: pathogenic nature of platelet-derived transforming growth factor β in chronic inflammatory conditions.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- The microbiome: regulating anti-tumor immunity.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Targeting autophagy in dysfunctional tumor vasculature.iScience · 2025Review
- Downregulated Smad3 signaling impairs the maturation of MO-MDSC in colorectal cancer.Cell death & disease · 2025Article
- Luspatercept treatment affects immune-regulatory subsets in patients with MDS with ring sideroblasts.Blood neoplasia · 2025Article
- Histone acetylation modulators in breast cancer.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2025Review
- Pre-treatment monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells as predictive biomarkers for immune checkpoint inhibitor response in clear cell renal cell carcinoma.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Differential TGF-β1/SMAD4 Signaling Regulates PMN-MDSC Differentiation and Reshapes the Immune Microenvironment in Breast Cancer.Breast cancer (Dove Medical Press) · 2025Article
- Recent advances in regulatory immune cells: exploring the world beyond Tregs.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- ETS-1 in tumor immunology: implications for novel anti-cancer strategies.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Review
- Non-Coding RNA in Tumor Cells and Tumor-Associated Myeloid Cells-Function and Therapeutic Potential.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- PPP1R15A-expressing monocytic MDSCs promote immunosuppressive liver microenvironment in fibrosis-associated hepatocellular carcinoma.JHEP reports : innovation in hepatology · 2024Article
- Dual roles of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in various diseases: a review.Archives of pharmacal research · 2024Review
- Hepatic recruitment of myeloid-derived suppressor cells upon liver injury promotes both liver regeneration and fibrosis.BMC gastroenterology · 2024Article
- Failed Induction of the TIntegrative medicine (Encinitas, Calif.) · 2024Article
- Measurement of Metabolic Alteration in Immune Cells Under Hypoxia.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2024Article
- Mobilization of monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells is regulated by PTH1R activation in bone marrow stromal cells.Bone research · 2023Article
- Evolving therapeutic landscape of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) regulate T cell immunity, and this population is a new therapeutic target for immune regulation. A previous study showed that transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is involved in controlling MDSC differentiation and immunoregulatory function in vivo. However, the direct effect of TGF-β on MDSCs with various cytokines has not previously been tested. Thus, we examined the effect of various cytokine combinations with TGF-β on MDSCs derived from bone marrow cells. The data show that different cytokine combinations affect the differentiation and immunosuppressive functions of MDSCs in different ways. In the presence of TGF-β, interleukin-6 (IL-6) was the most potent enhancer of MDSC function, whereas granulocyte colony-stimulating factors (G-CSF) was the most potent in the absence of TGF-β. In addition, IL-4 maintained MDSCs in an immature state with an increased expression of arginase 1 (Arg1). However, regardless of the cytokine combinations, TGF-β increased expansion of the monocytic MDSC (Mo-MDSC) population, expression of immunosuppressive molecules by MDSCs, and the ability of MDSCs to suppress CD4⁺ T cell proliferation. Thus, although different cytokine combinations affected the MDSCs in different ways, TGF-β directly affects monocytic-MDSCs (Mo-MDSCs) expansion and MDSCs functions.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.