Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29540676›Full record

ArticleClinical and translational gastroenterology2018

Increasing co-morbidities in chronic hepatitis B patients: experience in primary care and referral practices during 2000-2015.

Anne Liu, An Le, Jian Zhang, Chris Wong, Clifford Wong, Linda Henry, Mindie H Nguyen

Abstract read
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Article in Clinical and translational gastroenterology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
24citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

24 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  9. [Chronic hepatitis B virus infection-related osteoporosis].Zhonghua gan zang bing za zhi = Zhonghua ganzangbing zazhi = Chinese journal of hepatology · 2023
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  12. [Brief introduction of "Treatment algorithm for managing chronic hepatitis B virus infection in the United States: 2021 update"].Zhonghua gan zang bing za zhi = Zhonghua ganzangbing zazhi = Chinese journal of hepatology · 2022
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Anne LiuYale New Haven Health, New Haven, CT, USA.
An LeDivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Jian ZhangChinese Hospital, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Chris WongWong Clinics, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Clifford WongWong Clinics, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Linda HenryStanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Mindie H NguyenDivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. mindiehn@stanford.edu.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesData on liver and non-liver co-morbidities in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients are limited. This study analyzes the prevalence of co-morbidities in a multicenter CHB cohort evaluated over 15 years.

methodsThis study included 2734 consecutive adult American CHB patients from a university medical center and several community primary care clinics. Data were analyzed by time periods (patients in each time period were unique without overlapping): 2000-2005 (n = 885), 2006-2010 (n = 888), and 2011-2015 (n = 961). Patients were identified via electronic query using diagnosis code with data confirmed and extracted via individual chart review. Most patients were male (57.9%) and Asian (89.6%).

resultsMean age increased significantly from 43.3 ± 13.4 years during 2000-2005 to 49.1 ± 14.4 during 2011-2015 (p < 0.001). Between 2000-2005 and 2011-2015, fatty liver disease among new CHB patients increased from 1.6 to 6.8% (p < 0.001). Advanced liver diseases also increased (p < 0.001): cirrhosis (12.6-24.6%), hepatic decompensation (1.1-7.9%), and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) (4.9-9.1%). Similar trends were observed for non-liver co-morbidities (p < 0.001). Specifically, diabetes increased almost fivefold (4.9-22.9%), hypertension increased threefold (12.3-36.1%) and chronic kidney disease increased 4.5-fold (4.4-19.7%). Prevalence of osteopenia and osteoporosis also increased in CHB patients: 5.4-13.4% (p < 0.001) and 2.9-8.7% (p < 0.001), respectively. These trends were observed in both liver clinics and primary care clinics (except for advanced liver disease), treated and untreated patients, and for both sexes.

conclusionsThe CHB patient population is aging and now presents with significantly more co-morbidities. Early diagnosis and linkage to care is needed to prevent and mitigate liver as well as non-liver co-morbidities.

Identifiers

PMID29540676
PMCPMC5862154

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.