ArticleEmerging microbes & infections2018
Integrated analysis of human-animal-vector surveillance: West Nile virus infections in Austria, 2015-2016.
Article in Emerging microbes & infections, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Diagnosis and Surveillance of West Nile Virus Infection in Horses: Current Methods, Challenges, and Future Directions.Veterinary sciences · 2026Review
- Increased incidence of human West Nile and Usutu infections in Austria, 2024: analysis of data from 2009 to 2024.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2026Article
- Mosquito Exposure Risks in Equine Facilities: An Environmental-Managerial Assessment in Western Romania.Microorganisms · 2025Article
- First autochthonous transmission of West Nile virus (WNV) lineage 2 to humans in Spain.One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2025Article
- Fitness adaptations of Japanese encephalitis virus in pigs following vector-free serial passaging.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- Review
- Complex patterns of WNV evolution: a focus on the Western Balkans and Central Europe.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2024Article
- Comparison of West Nile Virus Disease in Humans and Horses: Exploiting Similarities for Enhancing Syndromic Surveillance.Viruses · 2023Review
- An advanced sequence clustering and designation workflow reveals the enzootic maintenance of a dominant West Nile virus subclade in Germany.Virus evolution · 2023Article
- Monitoring Urban Zoonotic Virus Activity: Are City Rats a Promising Surveillance Tool for Emerging Viruses?Viruses · 2022Article
- Diversity of West Nile and Usutu virus strains in mosquitoes at an international airport in Austria.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2022Article
- West Nile Virus and Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus Are Endemic in Equids in Eastern Austria.Viruses · 2021Article
- Surveillance of West Nile virus infection in Kashgar Region, Xinjiang, China, 2013-2016.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Article
- The Role of Birds of Prey in West Nile Virus Epidemiology.Vaccines · 2020Review
- West Nile Virus in Slovenia.Viruses · 2020Article
- Emergence of West Nile virus lineage 2 in Europe: Characteristics of the first seven cases of West Nile neuroinvasive disease in horses in Austria.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2020Article
- Different dynamics of Usutu virus infections in Austria and Hungary, 2017-2018.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2020Article
- Polymerase Spiral Reaction Assay for Rapid and Real Time Detection of West Nile Virus From Clinical Samples.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2020Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The results of integrated human and veterinary surveillance for West Nile virus (WNV) infections in Austria during the transmission seasons 2015 and 2016 are shown. Altogether WNV nucleic acid was detected in 21 humans, horses, wild birds and mosquito pools. In detail: in four human clinical cases [two cases of West Nile fever (WNF) and two cases of West Nile neuroinvasive disease (WNND)]; eight blood donors [among 145,541 tested donations], of which three remained asymptomatic and five subsequently developed mild WNF; two horses with WNND, of which one recovered and one had to be euthanized; two wild birds [one goshawk and one falcon, both succumbed to WNND]; and five Culex pipiens mosquito pools. Compared to previous years the number of infections increased remarkably. All infections were recorded in the city of Vienna and neighboring regions of Lower Austria. Sixteen coding-complete WNV sequences were established which were closely related to each other and to other Austrian, Czech and Italian viruses, all belonging to the Central/Southern European cluster of WNV sublineage 2d. However, several genetically slightly different WNV strains seem to co-circulate in the same area, as demonstrated by phylogenetic analysis. Based on detailed sequence analysis, all newly discovered Austrian WNV strains had the potential to cause neurological disease, but no correlation was found between severity of disease and the analyzed genetic virulence/neuroinvasiveness markers. Results of integrated human-animal-vector surveillance presented in this paper provide a comprehensive description of WNV activity in the region and will facilitate proactive public health measures to prevent or mitigate potential outbreaks.
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