ReviewInternational journal of environmental research and public health2018
Protozoan Parasites in Drinking Water: A System Approach for Improved Water, Sanitation and Hygiene in Developing Countries.
Review in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 54 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
54 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 238 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence of intestinal protozoan parasites among Asian schoolchildren: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Infection · 2024Pooled it
- Prevalence of intestinal protozoan parasites among school children in africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2022Pooled it
- One Health in Mesoamerica: historical legacies, current challenges, and strategic directions.One health outlook · 2026Article
- Prevalence of intestinal parasite and associated factors among fruits and vegetables collected from local markets of woldia town, north east Ethiopia.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Status of cryptosporidiosis in cattle raised by marginalized nomadic communities of Southern Punjab, Pakistan: an observational study.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2026Article
- Comparative analysis of commercial and "In-House" molecular tests for the detection of intestinal protozoa in stool samples.Parasites & vectors · 2025Article
- Identification, Comparison, and Profiling of Selected Diarrhoeagenic Pathogens from Diverse Water Sources and Human and Animal Faeces Using Whole-Genome Sequencing.Microorganisms · 2025Article
- Gastrointestinal Parasites With Their Risk Factors in Tharu Indigenous People in Southern Nepal: A Cross-Sectional Study.Health science reports · 2025Article
- Knowledge, attitudes, and practices of hygiene among children in schools of Central Kazakhstan: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Article
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- A Multiplex PCR Assay for Simultaneous Detection ofVeterinary sciences · 2024Article
- Assessing the Occurrence of Host-Specific Faecal Indicator Markers in Water Systems as a Function of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Practices: A Case Study in Rural Communities of Vhembe District Municipality, South Africa.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Use of nanoparticles, a modern means of drug delivery, against cryptosporidiosis.Journal of advanced veterinary and animal research · 2023Review
- Metagenomic Profiling of Human Protozoan Parasites in Wastewater and Hospital Effluents.Journal of clinical practice and research · 2023Article
- Review
- Molecular identification and antiprotozoal activity of silver nanoparticles on viability of Cryptosporidium parvum isolated from pigeons, pigeon fanciers and water.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Detection of the dominant pathogens in diarrheal calves of Ningxia, China in 2021-2022.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2023Article
- Anti-Frontiers in microbiology · 2023Article
- Incorporating Microbial Species Interaction in Management of Freshwater Toxic Cyanobacteria: A Systems Science Challenge.Aquatic ecology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Improved water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) are significant in preventing diarrhea morbidity and mortality caused by protozoa in low- and middle-income countries. Due to the intimate and complex relationships between the different WASH components, it is often necessary to improve not just one but all of these components to have sustainable results. The objective of this paper was to review the current state of WASH-related health problems caused by parasitic protozoa by: giving an overview and classification of protozoa and their effect on people's health, discussing different ways to improve accessibility to safe drinking water, sanitation services and personal hygiene behavior; and suggesting an institutional approach to ensure improved WASH. The findings indicate that
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.