ArticleNutrients2018
Assessment of Mycotoxin Exposure in Breastfeeding Mothers with Celiac Disease.
Article in Nutrients, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Biomonitoring Pilot Surveys of Zearalenone in Breastmilk and the Urine of Children in Central Portugal.Toxins · 2025Article
- Longitudinal follow-up of zearalenone and deoxynivalenol mycotoxins in breast milk in the first five months of life.BMC pharmacology & toxicology · 2023Article
- Article
- Detection of multimycotoxins in camel feed and milk samples and their comparison with the levels in cow milk.Food science & nutrition · 2022Article
- Article
- An Immunoenzymatic Method for the Determination of Ochratoxin A in Biological Liquids (Colostrum and Cow's Milk).Toxins · 2021Article
- Antioxidative Molecules in Human Milk and Environmental Contaminants.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- The Prevalence of Anti-Zein Antibodies: A Comparative Study between Celiac Disease and Irritable Bowel Syndrome.Nutrients · 2021Article
- Review
- Risk assessment of ochratoxin A in food.EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2020Article
- Risk assessment of aflatoxins in food.EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2020Article
- Occurrence of Aflatoxin M1 in Raw Milk Marketed in Italy: Exposure Assessment and Risk Characterization.Frontiers in microbiology · 2019Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo assess the risk of mycotoxin exposure (aflatoxin M1, ochratoxin A, and zearalenone) in celiac disease (CD) breastfeeding mothers and healthy control mothers, as well as in their offspring, by quantifying these contaminants in breast milk. STUDY
designThirty-five breastfeeding women with CD on a gluten-free diet and 30 healthy breastfeeding controls were recruited. Milk sampling was performed three times per day for three consecutive days. Mycotoxin content was investigated by an analytical method using immunoaffinity column clean-up and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorometric detection.
resultsAflatoxin M1 (AFM1) was detected in 37% of CD group samples (mean ± SD = 0.012 ± 0.011 ng/mL; range = 0.003-0.340 ng/mL). The control group showed lower mean AFM1 concentration levels in 24% of the analyzed samples (0.009 ± 0.007 ng/mL; range = 0.003-0.067 ng/mL, ANOVA on ranks,
conclusionBreast milk AFM1 contamination for both groups is lower than the European safety threshold. However, the estimated exposures of infants from CD mothers and control mothers was much higher (≃15 times and ≃11 times, respectively) than the threshold set by the joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA). Since incongruities exist between JECFA and the European Union standard, a novel regulatory review of the available data on this topic is desirable. Protecting babies from a neglected risk of high AFM1 exposure requires prompt regulatory and food-control policies.
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Registered trials
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