ArticleeLife2018
Closed-loop neuromodulation restores network connectivity and motor control after spinal cord injury.
Article in eLife, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04534556 (Wireless Nerve Stimulation Device To Enhance Recovery After Stroke), which is not on this map. Cited by 103 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Wireless Nerve Stimulation Device To Enhance Recovery After Stroke
Who cites it
103 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Neurorehabilitation with vagus nerve stimulation: a systematic review.Frontiers in neurology · 2024Pooled it
- Pooled it
- At-Home Delivery of Vagus Nerve Stimulation Paired With Task-Specific Training Improves Performance of High-Priority Activities in Persons With Chronic Spinal Cord Injury or Stroke.American journal of physical medicine & rehabilitation · 2026Trial
- Safety and feasibility of paired vagus nerve stimulation with rehabilitation for improving upper extremity function in people with cervical spinal cord injury: a pilot randomized controlled trial.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciences · 2026Trial
- Trial
- Trial
- Towards neuromorphic neurotechnologies: integrating brain-inspired computing with brain-computer interfaces.npj biomedical innovations · 2026Review
- From trade-offs to translation: An interdisciplinary roadmap for neurotechnology.Science advances · 2026Review
- Motor Recovery After a Hemispherectomy: Review of Mechanisms and the Potential of Neuromodulation to Enhance Motor Outcomes.Journal of child neurology · 2026Review
- Vagus Nerve Stimulation for Neuromodulation: Evolution from Bench to Bedside.Neurology international · 2026Article
- Rehabilitation paired with vagus nerve stimulation for motor function of chronic ischemic stroke patients in China: Study protocol of a multicenter randomized controlled trial (Repair Study).Neuroprotection (Chichester, England) · 2026Article
- Neurorehabilitation as Network Perturbation: Shaping Neuroplasticity with Robotics, Virtual Reality, and Neuromodulation.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- The sixth bioelectronic medicine summit: Neurotechnologies for individuals and communities.Bioelectronic medicine · 2026Article
- The Interplay Between Neuromodulation and Stem Cell Therapy for Sensory-Motor Neuroplasticity After Spinal Cord Injury: A Perspective View.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Combining cortical and spinal stimulation maximizes the improvement of gait after spinal cord injury.iScience · 2025Article
- Remodeling and Characterization Analysis of Corticospinal Tract in Patients with Intracerebral Hemorrhage in the Basal Ganglia.Translational stroke research · 2025Article
- "Chronic Cervical Midline Contusion in Rats Disrupts Aerobic, Muscular, and Cardiovascular Function".bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Enhancing Neuroplasticity via vagus nerve stimulation to improve urinary dysfunction after spinal cord injury: a perspective.Bioelectronic medicine · 2025Review
- Closed-loop Neuromotor Training System Pairing Transcutaneous Vagus Nerve Stimulation with Video-based Real-time Movement Classification.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- The Role of Ion-Transporting Proteins on Crosstalk Between the Skeletal Muscle and Central Nervous Systems Elicited by Physical Exercise.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Review
43 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Recovery from serious neurological injury requires substantial rewiring of neural circuits. Precisely-timed electrical stimulation could be used to restore corrective feedback mechanisms and promote adaptive plasticity after neurological insult, such as spinal cord injury (SCI) or stroke. This study provides the first evidence that closed-loop vagus nerve stimulation (CLV) based on the synaptic eligibility trace leads to dramatic recovery from the most common forms of SCI. The addition of CLV to rehabilitation promoted substantially more recovery of forelimb function compared to rehabilitation alone following chronic unilateral or bilateral cervical SCI in a rat model. Triggering stimulation on the most successful movements is critical to maximize recovery. CLV enhances recovery by strengthening synaptic connectivity from remaining motor networks to the grasping muscles in the forelimb. The benefits of CLV persist long after the end of stimulation because connectivity in critical neural circuits has been restored.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.