ArticleAmbio2018
Hunting with lead ammunition is not sustainable: European perspectives.
Article in Ambio, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed.
- Unexpected High Blood Lead Levels in a Remote Indigenous Community in the Northeastern Peruvian Amazon.Toxics · 2025Article
- Promoting enforcement of non-lead hunting ammunition regulations and compliance in Europe and North America.Ambio · 2023Article
- The environmental threats from lead ammunition.Eco-Environment & Health · 2023Article
- Profile of Selected Mineral Elements in Tibiotarsal Bone of the White-Tailed Sea Eagle in Its Natural Habitat.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2022Article
- The European Hare (Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2022Article
- Environmental sustainability through green HRM: Measuring the perception of university managers.Frontiers in psychology · 2022Article
- Lead exposure in dogs fed game meat and offal from culled invasive species in El Palmar National Park, Argentina.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2021Article
- Lead exposure in consumers of culled invasive alien mammals in El Palmar National Park, Argentina.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2021Article
- Article
- Lead pollution from hunting ammunition in Argentina and current state of lead shot replacement efforts.Ambio · 2019Article
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- Wildlife, human and environmental costs of using lead ammunition: An economic review and analysis.Ambio · 2019Review
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- Unleaded hunting: Are copper bullets and lead-based bullets equally effective for killing big game?Ambio · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Much evidence demonstrates the adverse effects of lead ammunition on wildlife, their habitats and human health, and confirms that the use of such ammunition has no place within sustainable hunting. We identify the provisions that define sustainable hunting according to European law and international treaties, together with their guidance documents. We accept the substantial evidence for lead's actual and potential effects on wildlife, habitats and health as persuasive and assess how these effects relate to stated provisions for sustainability and hunting. We evaluate how continued use of lead ammunition negatively affects international efforts to halt loss of biodiversity, sustain wildlife populations and conserve their habitats. We highlight the indiscriminate and avoidable health and welfare impacts for large numbers of exposed wild animals as ethically unsustainable. In societal terms, continued use of lead ammunition undermines public perceptions of hunting. Given the existence of acceptable, non-toxic alternatives for lead ammunition, we conclude that hunting with lead ammunition cannot be justified under established principles of public/international policy and is not sustainable. Changing from lead ammunition to non-toxic alternatives will bring significant nature conservation and human health gains, and from the hunter's perspective will enhance societal acceptance of hunting. Change will create opportunities for improved constructive dialogue between hunting stakeholders and others engaged with enhancing biodiversity and nature conservation objectives.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.