ArticleScience advances2018
Immune evasion mediated by PD-L1 on glioblastoma-derived extracellular vesicles.
Article in Science advances, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 396 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
396 citing papers in PubMed, 598 citations in OpenAlex.
- PerSurge (NOA-30) phase II trial of perampanel treatment around surgery in patients with progressive glioblastoma.BMC cancer · 2024Trial
- Pembrolizumab in Combination with Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy for Patients with Resectable Adenocarcinoma of the Gastroesophageal Junction.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2022Trial
- Artificial intelligence and extracellular vesicles in oncology: towards tumor diagnosis, prediction, and therapy.Drug delivery · 2026Review
- Systemic health impact of cancer-associated extracellular vesicles and particles.Nature reviews. Cancer · 2026Review
- Oncolytic Virus-Engineered Extracellular Vesicles Rewire Glioblastoma Immunity.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2026Article
- Harnessing Natural Killer Cells: From Neuroimmunology to Novel Therapies for Central Nervous System Diseases.MedComm · 2026Review
- Mechanisms of Therapeutic Resistance and Recent Advances in Glioblastoma Treatment.Immunology and cell biology · 2026Review
- Oligonucleotide G3T19 downregulates CD44 succinylation and inhibits astrocyte-induced glioma immune escape.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2026Article
- Tumor-intrinsic TLR4 signaling as a context-dependent rheostat in glioblastoma.Journal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany) · 2026Review
- Extracellular Vesicles as Master Regulators of Immune Modulation in Multiple Myeloma.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Cancer stem cell plasticity: mechanisms, immune microenvironment crosstalk, and therapeutic implications.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2026Review
- Extracellular Vesicles From Glioblastoma Cells Reflect 2D vs. 3D Culture Adaptation and Resistance to Temozolomide.Molecular & cellular proteomics : MCP · 2026Article
- Immune Regulation and the Role of Extracellular Vesicles in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Biological Mechanisms and Therapeutic Perspectives.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Bioinformatics mining and clinical validation of CD274 as a prognostic indicator in hepatocellular carcinoma.BMC cancer · 2026Article
- Apatinib enhances anti-PD-1 efficacy by inhibiting Exo70-mediated exosome secretion in pMMR/MSS colorectal cancer.NPJ precision oncology · 2026Article
- Systematic analyses to explore kinase gene set-based signature in glioma, in which WEE1 contributes to tumor progression.Discover oncology · 2026Article
- Biology and therapeutic potential of extracellular vesicle targeting and uptake.Nature reviews. Molecular cell biology · 2026Review
- Application of dendritic cell extracellular vesicles as a valid nanoparticle platform for cancer therapies: a narrative review.Stem cell research & therapy · 2026Review
- Extracellular vesicles mediate intercellular transfer of PD-L1 and bystander T-cell suppression.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2026Article
- Consensus statement on microglial and macrophage functions in gliomas.Acta neuropathologica · 2026Review
336 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
29 authors at 7 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Binding of programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) to programmed cell death protein-1 (PD1) leads to cancer immune evasion via inhibition of T cell function. One of the defining characteristics of glioblastoma, a universally fatal brain cancer, is its profound local and systemic immunosuppression. Glioblastoma has also been shown to generate extracellular vesicles (EVs), which may play an important role in tumor progression. We thus hypothesized that glioblastoma EVs may be important mediators of immunosuppression and that PD-L1 could play a role. We show that glioblastoma EVs block T cell activation and proliferation in response to T cell receptor stimulation. PD-L1 was expressed on the surface of some, but not of all, glioblastoma-derived EVs, with the potential to directly bind to PD1. An anti-PD1 receptor blocking antibody significantly reversed the EV-mediated blockade of T cell activation but only when PD-L1 was present on EVs. When glioblastoma PD-L1 was up-regulated by IFN-γ, EVs also showed some PD-L1-dependent inhibition of T cell activation. PD-L1 expression correlated with the mesenchymal transcriptome profile and was anatomically localized in the perinecrotic and pseudopalisading niche of human glioblastoma specimens. PD-L1 DNA was present in circulating EVs from glioblastoma patients where it correlated with tumor volumes of up to 60 cm
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.