ArticleBritish journal of cancer2018
A Phase I study of the novel immunomodulatory agent PG545 (pixatimod) in subjects with advanced solid tumours.
Article in British journal of cancer, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 55 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
55 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 99 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Efficacy of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Microsatellite Stable Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review.The oncologist · 2024Pooled it
- Article
- Heparanase 2 (Hpa2) protects the exocrine pancreas from damages of Western diet and pancreatic cancer.International journal of biological sciences · 2026Article
- Next-Generation Immune Checkpoints and Tumor Microenvironment Modulation in Cancer Immunotherapy.Journal of immunology research · 2026Review
- Non-anticoagulant heparins: glycan-mediated immune modulation and therapeutic applications.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Investigation into the binding domains of platelet factor 4 unlocks new avenues for the design and synthesis of selective sulfated pseudo-tetrasaccharide aminoglycoside ligands.European journal of medicinal chemistry · 2025Article
- Heparanase-Neutralizing Monoclonal Antibody (mAb A54) Attenuates Tumor Growth and Metastasis.Cells · 2025Article
- Tumor- and host-derived heparanase-2 (Hpa2) attenuates tumorigenicity: role of Hpa2 in macrophage polarization and BRD7 nuclear localization.Cell death & disease · 2024Article
- Multifaceted Heparin: Diverse Applications beyond Anticoagulant Therapy.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Involvement of heparanase in the pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis: Implication of novel therapeutic approaches.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2024Article
- Glycosaminoglycan microarrays for studying glycosaminoglycan-protein systems.Carbohydrate polymers · 2024Review
- Heparanase interacting BCLAF1 to promote the development and drug resistance of ICC through the PERK/eIF2α pathway.Cancer gene therapy · 2024Article
- Article
- PG545 sensitizes ovarian cancer cells to PARP inhibitors through modulation of RAD51-DEK interaction.Oncogene · 2023Article
- CD9 co-operation with syndecan-1 is required for a major staphylococcal adhesion pathway.mBio · 2023Article
- Heparanase 2 (Hpa2)- a new player essential for pancreatic acinar cell differentiation.Cell death & disease · 2023Article
- Heparanase-A single protein with multiple enzymatic and nonenzymatic functions.Proteoglycan research · 2023Review
- Article
- Radiation-Induced Nephropathy in the Murine Model Is Ameliorated by Targeting Heparanase.Biomedicines · 2023Article
- Heparin, Heparan Sulphate and Sepsis: Potential New Options for Treatment.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPG545 (pixatimod) is a novel immunomodulatory agent, which has been demonstrated to stimulate innate immune responses against tumours in preclinical cancer models.
methodsThis Phase I study investigated the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and preliminary efficacy of PG545 monotherapy. Escalating doses of PG545 were administered to patients with advanced solid malignancies as a weekly 1-h intravenous infusion.
resultsTwenty-three subjects were enrolled across four cohorts (25, 50, 100 and 150 mg). Three dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs)-hypertension (2), epistaxis (1)-occurred in the 150 mg cohort. No DLTs were noted in the 100 mg cohort, which was identified as the maximum-tolerated dose. No objective responses were reported. Best response was stable disease up to 24 weeks, with the disease control rate in evaluable subjects of 38%. Exposure was proportional up to 100 mg and mean half-life was 141 h. The pharmacodynamic data revealed increases in innate immune cell activation, plasma IFNγ, TNFα, IP-10 and MCP-1.
conclusionPG545 demonstrated a tolerable safety profile, proportional PK, evidence of immune cell stimulation and disease control in some subjects. Taken together, these data support the proposed mechanism of action, which represents a promising approach for use in combination with existing therapies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.