ArticleBMC infectious diseases2018
Epidemiologic analysis of respiratory viral infections among Singapore military servicemen in 2016.
Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Impact of Acute Respiratory Infections on Medical Absenteeism Among Military Personnel: Retrospective Cohort Study.JMIR formative research · 2025Article
- Clinical features and viral etiology of acute respiratory infection in an outpatient fever clinic during COVID-19 pandemic in a tertiary hospital in Nanjing, China.Journal of clinical laboratory analysis · 2022Article
- Comprehensive Vaccine-Preventable Disease Surveillance in the Western Pacific Region: A Literature Review on Integration of Surveillance Functions, 2000-2021.Global health, science and practice · 2022Review
- Potential Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarkers for Adenovirus Respiratory Infection in Children and Young Adults.Viruses · 2021Review
- Identification of pathogens from the upper respiratory tract of adult emergency department patients at high risk for influenza complications in a pre-Sars-CoV-2 environment.Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease · 2021Article
- Etiology of febrile respiratory infections in the general adult population in Singapore, 2007-2013.Heliyon · 2021Article
- Sources of viral respiratory infections in Canadian acute care hospital healthcare personnel.The Journal of hospital infection · 2020Article
- Evidence for Cross-Protection Against Subsequent Febrile Respiratory Illness Episodes From Prior Infections by Different Viruses Among Singapore Military Recruits 2009-2014.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2019Article
- Respiratory Viruses and Atypical Bacteria Co-Infection in Children with Acute Respiratory Infection.Open access Macedonian journal of medical sciences · 2018Article
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundRespiratory illnesses have been identified as a significant factor leading to lost training time and morbidity among Singapore military recruits. A surveillance programme has been put in place to determine etiological agents responsible for febrile, as well as afebrile respiratory illnesses in a military camp. The goal of the study is to better understand the epidemiology of these diseases and identify potential countermeasures to protect military recruits against them.
methodsFrom Jan 2016 - Jan 2017, a total of 2647 respiratory cases were enrolled into the surveillance programme. The cases were further stratified into Febrile Respiratory Illness (FRI, with body temperature > 37.5 °C) or Acute Respiratory Illness (ARI, with body temperature < 37.5 °C). Nasal washes were collected and tested by multiplex PCR to detect 26 different pathogens.
resultsOne thousand ninety five cases (41% of total cases) met the criteria of FRI in which 932 cases (85% of FRI cases) were screened positive for at least one virus. The most common etiological agents for FRI mono-infection cases were Adenovirus E and Rhinovirus. Recruits infected with H3N2 influenza, Influenza B and Adenovirus E viruses were most likely presented as FRI cases. Notably, H3N2 influenza resulted in the greatest rise in body temperature. The remaining 1552 cases (59% of total cases) met the criteria of ARI in which 1198 cases (77% of ARI cases) were screened positive for at least one virus. The most common etiological agent for ARI mono-infection was Rhinovirus. The distribution pattern for dual infections was different for ARI and FRI cases. Maximum number of pathogens detected in a sample was five for both groups.
conclusionPrevious studies on respiratory diseases in military focused largely on FRI cases. With the expanded surveillance to ARI cases, this study allows unbiased evaluation of the impact of respiratory disease pathogens among recruits in a military environment. The results show that several pathogens have a much bigger role in causing respiratory diseases in this cohort.
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