ArticlePLoS neglected tropical diseases2018
Human T-Lymphotropic Virus type 1c subtype proviral loads, chronic lung disease and survival in a prospective cohort of Indigenous Australians.
Article in PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 58 citations in OpenAlex.
- HTLV-1-associated diseases: a systematic review.Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de Sao Paulo · 2026Pooled it
- The 'ABC' of respiratory disorders among adult Indigenous people: asthma, bronchiectasis and COPD among Aboriginal Australians - a systematic review.BMJ open respiratory research · 2023Pooled it
- Immunophenotype and proviral landscape of HTLV-1c infection and pulmonary disease.EBioMedicine · 2026Article
- Common Acquisition of Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies in an HTLV-1c+ First Nations Cohort from Central Australia.Viruses · 2026Article
- Morbidity and Mortality Among People Living With HTLV-1: A 30-Year Retrospective Analysis in a Brazilian Cohort.Journal of medical virology · 2026Article
- CXCR3/CXCL10 Axis-Mediated T Cell Infiltration in the Lungs of Patients With HTLV-1-Associated Diseases: Implications for Subclinical Pulmonary Involvement.Journal of medical virology · 2026Article
- Prevalence of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 or 2 among blood donors screened at the New Zealand Blood Service: An observational study, 2001-2024.Preventive medicine reports · 2025Article
- High expression of Rex-orf-I and HBZ mRNAs and bronchiectasis in lung of HTLV-1A/C infected macaques.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Online Conference "Chronic Viral Infections and Cancer, Openings for Vaccines and Cure" VIRCAN2024, Monitoring the Progress.Vaccines · 2025Article
- Current State of Therapeutics for HTLV-1.Viruses · 2024Review
- High level of genomic divergence in orf-I p12 and hbz genes of HTLV-1 subtype-C in Central Australia.Retrovirology · 2024Article
- An HTLV-1 envelope mRNA vaccine is immunogenic and protective in New Zealand rabbits.Journal of virology · 2024Article
- NF-κB-Induced R-Loops and Genomic Instability in HTLV-1-Infected and Adult T-Cell Leukemia Cells.Viruses · 2022Review
- Clinical and Public Health Implications of Human T-Lymphotropic Virus Type 1 Infection.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2022Review
- An Overview of Human T-Lymphotropic Virus Type 1 Lung Injury.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- A role for an HTLV-1 vaccine?Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- A Qualitative Study Exploring Perceptions to the Human T Cell Leukaemia Virus Type 1 in Central Australia: Barriers to Preventing Transmission in a Remote Aboriginal Population.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Article
- Very high prevalence of infection with the human T cell leukaemia virus type 1c in remote Australian Aboriginal communities: Results of a large cross-sectional community survey.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2021Article
- HTLV-1 Disease.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Clinical, Radiological and Functional Characteristics of Pulmonary Diseases among HTLV-1 Infected Patients without Prior Active Tuberculosis Infection.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe Human T-Lymphotropic Virus type 1c subtype (HTLV-1c) is highly endemic to central Australia where the most frequent complication of HTLV-1 infection in Indigenous Australians is bronchiectasis. We carried out a prospective study to quantify the prognosis of HTLV-1c infection and chronic lung disease and the risk of death according to the HTLV-1c proviral load (pVL). METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL
findings840 Indigenous adults (discharge diagnosis of bronchiectasis, 154) were recruited to a hospital-based prospective cohort. Baseline HTLV-1c pVL were determined and the results of chest computed tomography and clinical details reviewed. The odds of an association between HTLV-1 infection and bronchiectasis or bronchitis/bronchiolitis were calculated, and the impact of HTLV-1c pVL on the risk of death was measured. Radiologically defined bronchiectasis and bronchitis/bronchiolitis were significantly more common among HTLV-1-infected subjects (adjusted odds ratio = 2.9; 95% CI, 2.0, 4.3). Median HTLV-1c pVL for subjects with airways inflammation was 16-fold higher than that of asymptomatic subjects. There were 151 deaths during 2,140 person-years of follow-up (maximum follow-up 8.13 years). Mortality rates were higher among subjects with HTLV-1c pVL ≥1000 copies per 105 peripheral blood leukocytes (log-rank χ2 (2df) = 6.63, p = 0.036) compared to those with lower HTLV-1c pVL or uninfected subjects. Excess mortality was largely due to bronchiectasis-related deaths (adjusted HR 4.31; 95% CI, 1.78, 10.42 versus uninfected). CONCLUSION/SIGNIFICANCE: Higher HTLV-1c pVL was strongly associated with radiologically defined airways inflammation and with death due to complications of bronchiectasis. An increased risk of death due to an HTLV-1 associated inflammatory disease has not been demonstrated previously. Our findings indicate that mortality associated with HTLV-1c infection may be higher than has been previously appreciated. Further prospective studies are needed to determine whether these results can be generalized to other HTLV-1 endemic areas.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.