Observational studyBritish journal of cancer2018
Body mass index throughout adulthood, physical activity, and risk of multiple myeloma: a prospective analysis in three large cohorts.
Observational study in British journal of cancer, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
49 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 67 citations in OpenAlex.
- Body mass index and multiple myeloma: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies.BMC cancer · 2026Pooled it
- Epidemiology of Monoclonal Gammopathies in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of MGUS and Multiple Myeloma.Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH · 2026Pooled it
- Impact of Visceral Obesity on Clinical Outcome and Quality of Life for Patients with Multiple Myeloma: A Secondary Data Analysis of STaMINA (BMT CTN 0702) Trial.Transplantation and cellular therapy · 2024Trial
- Mass spectrometry-detected MGUS is associated with obesity and other novel modifiable risk factors in a high-risk population.Blood advances · 2024Trial
- MGUS in Black individuals in Soweto, South Africa screened by mass spectrometry: results of the PROMISE South Africa study.EClinicalMedicine · 2026Article
- Environmental exposures and multiple myeloma risk: A contemporary review of epidemiologic associations and mechanistic plausibility.Blood reviews · 2026Review
- Metabolic syndrome and risk of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance: a large Korean cohort study.Haematologica · 2026Article
- Genetic architecture of multiple myeloma: From somatic alterations to germline susceptibility and clinical implications.Translational oncology · 2026Review
- Chronic High-Fat Diet Does Not Alter Overall Cancer Incidence in Trp53R270H/+ Mice.Cancer research communications · 2026Article
- Association between healthy lifestyle score and risk of multiple myeloma: a case-control study.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Obesity and Cancer: Mechanisms, Epidemiological Evidence, and Potential Risk Reduction.Journal of obesity & metabolic syndrome · 2026Review
- Impact of body mass index on the prognosis of patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma.Blood advances · 2026Article
- Incidence of hematologic malignancies and mortality associated with GLP-1 receptor agonist and SGLT2 inhibitor use in type 2 diabetes mellitus: results of a retrospective cohort study of electronic health records.EClinicalMedicine · 2026Article
- The Economic Cost of Obesity: A Cost-of-Illness Study in Greece.Applied health economics and health policy · 2026Article
- Body Composition Metrics Associated with Time to Progression in Smoldering Multiple Myeloma.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Global burden and trends of multiple myeloma attributable to high body mass index: a comprehensive analysis of the global burden of disease 2021 study with projections to 2040.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Unraveling Obesity and Multiple Myeloma: Insights from Epidemiology and Molecular Mechanisms.Current obesity reports · 2025Review
- The association between the dietary inflammatory index and multiple myeloma: a case-control study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Global, regional, and national burden of multiple myeloma from 1990 to 2021 and projections for 2040: a systematic analysis for the global burden of disease 2021 study.Frontiers in epidemiology · 2025Article
- Global, regional, and national metabolic risk factors associated with multiple myeloma, 1990-2021: analysis via the global burden of disease study 2021.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundObesity is the only known modifiable multiple myeloma (MM) risk factor. However, the influence of obesity in earlier or later adulthood and the role of other energy balance correlates in MM development are unclear.
methodsWe leveraged repeatedly updated data from the Nurses' Health Study, Health Professionals Follow-up Study, and Women's Health Study cohorts to further explore energy balance measures in MM etiology. Exposures derived from questionnaires included young adult body mass index (BMI), cumulative average BMI, BMI change since young adulthood, and cumulative average physical activity and walking. We assessed MM risk related to those variables with Cox proportional hazard models.
resultsWe observed 575 incident MM cases in over five million person-years of follow-up across the cohorts. In pooled analyses, MM risk increased 17% per 5 kg/m
conclusionsThese findings suggest that a high BMI in early and later adulthood are risk factors for MM.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.