Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29526608›Full record

ArticleContemporary clinical trials2018

The VITamin D and OmegA-3 TriaL-Depression Endpoint Prevention (VITAL-DEP): Rationale and design of a large-scale ancillary study evaluating vitamin D and marine omega-3 fatty acid supplements for prevention of late-life depression.

Olivia I Okereke, Charles F Reynolds, David Mischoulon, Grace Chang, Nancy R Cook, Trisha Copeland, Georgina Friedenberg, Julie E Buring, JoAnn E Manson

Abstract readClinical Trial Protocol
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Contemporary clinical trials, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
21citing papers in PubMed
4.7field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

21 citing papers in PubMed, 42 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Effects of Vitamin DThe Journal of clinical psychiatry · 2023
    Trial
  2. Trial
  3. Trial
  4. Trial
  5. Trial
  6. Trial
  7. Trial
  8. Prevention of late-life depression: a framework and prospectus for research.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026
    Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Centering Culture in Mental Health: Differences in Diagnosis, Treatment, and Access to Care Among Older People of Color.The American journal of geriatric psychiatry : official journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry · 2022
    Review
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. The Challenging Task of Addressing the Role of Vitamin D in Late-life Depression: Considerations of Measures, Confounders, Mediators, and Moderators.The American journal of geriatric psychiatry : official journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry · 2018
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Olivia I OkerekeChanning Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA. Electronic address: ookereke@partners.org.
Charles F ReynoldsDepartment of Psychiatry, UPMC and University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
David MischoulonDepartment of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Grace ChangVA Boston Healthcare System, Brockton, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Nancy R CookDivision of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
Trisha CopelandDivision of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Georgina FriedenbergDivision of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Julie E BuringDivision of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
JoAnn E MansonDivision of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
Harvard University · USBrigham and Women's Hospital · USMassachusetts General Hospital · USUniversity of Pittsburgh · US

Funding

VITamin D and omegA-3 triaL (VITAL)U01CA138962 · NCI · BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL · PI BURING, JULIE E., MANSON, JOANN ELISABETH · 2009 to 2014
$23.6M
The VITamin D and OmegA-3 TriaL (VITAL)R01CA138962 · NCI · BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL · PI BURING, JULIE E., MANSON, JOANN ELISABETH · 2015 to 2019
$20.9M
RESEARCH METHODS COREP30MH090333 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI REYNOLDS, CHARLES F · 2011 to 2015
$8.3M
VITAL-DEP: Depression Endpoint Prevention in the VITamin D and OmegA-3 TriaLR01MH091448 · NIMH · BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL · PI OKEREKE, OLIVIA IFEOMA · 2010 to 2019
$6.5M
Vitamin D and Fish Oil for Autoimmune Disease, Inflammation and Joint PainR01AR059086 · NIAMS · BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL · PI COSTENBADER, KAREN H · 2010 to 2021
$5.4M
Randomized trial of vitamin D and omega-3 fatty acids for diabetic kidney diseaseR01DK088762 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI DE BOER, IAN H · 2010 to 2019
$4.7M
Effect of Vitamin D and Omega-3 Fatty Acids on Blood Pressure and HypertensionR01HL102122 · NHLBI · BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL · PI FORMAN, JOHN P, SESSO, HOWARD D · 2011 to 2016
$3.3M
Lung VITamin D and OmegA-3 TriaL (Lung VITAL)R01HL101932 · NHLBI · BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL · PI GOLD, DIANE R · 2010 to 2014
$3.2M
A Large Randomized Trial of Vitamin D, Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Cognitive DeclineR01AG036755 · NIA · BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL · PI KANG, JAE H · 2010 to 2015
$2.6M
Diabetes Prevention in the Vitamin D and Omega-3 TrialR01DK088078 · NIDDK · BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL · PI PRADHAN, ARUNA DAS, SONG, YIQING · 2010 to 2014
$2.4M
Vitamin D and Omega-3 Fatty Acids(VITAL Trial): Effects on FracturesR01AR060574 · NIAMS · BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL · PI LEBOFF, MERYL SUSAN · 2010 to 2013
$779k
NCI NIH HHS R01 CA138962NCI NIH HHS U01 CA138962NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL101932NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL102122NIAMS NIH HHS R01 AR059086NIAMS NIH HHS R01 AR060574NIA NIH HHS R01 AG036755NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK088078NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK088762NIMH NIH HHS P30 MH090333NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH091448
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

rationaleDepression is a leading cause of disease burden and disability for older adults; thus, prevention is a priority. Biologic and observational data support potential mental health benefits of vitamin D and omega-3 fatty acids; however, it is unclear whether these supplements can prevent late-life depression.

designWe describe the novel methodology of a large-scale study: VITAL-DEP (VITamin D and OmegA-3 TriaL-Depression Endpoint Prevention), an ancillary to the VITAL trial. Primary Aims of VITAL-DEP are to determine effects on prevention of depression and on trajectory of mood symptoms of long-term (mean=5years) supplementation with vitamin D (vitamin D3 [cholecalciferol], 2000IU/day) and marine omega-3 fatty-acids (eicosapentaenoic acid + docosahexaenoic acid, 1g/day), in a 2×2 factorial design, among 25,874 older adults. Secondary Aims will evaluate: vitamin D's effects among African-Americans (an at-risk group for vitamin D deficiency); both agents' effects among those with high-risk factors or sub-syndromal depression in a sub-set of ~1000 participants with detailed examinations at baseline and 2-year follow-up; whether baseline nutrient levels influence depression risk and/or modify agents' effects. Additional planned analyses will use pre-randomization blood samples available in ~17,000 participants to address whether key biomarkers and factors influence long-term mood and depression risk and/or the agents' effects.

conclusionVITAL-DEP applies all modalities of state-of-the-art prevention research - universal, selective and indicated. VITAL-DEP will clarify effects of supplemental vitamin D and/or omega-3 on mood, and inform clinical care and public health guidelines on the use of these agents for prevention of depression in mid-life and older adults.

Indexed as

DepressionVitamin DVitamin D DeficiencyAgedBlack or African AmericanDietary SupplementsDouble-Blind MethodFatty Acids, Omega-3FemaleHumansMaleMental HealthRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicRisk FactorsTreatment OutcomeVitaminsFatty Acids, Omega-3Vitamin DVitaminsCholecalciferolDepressionFish oilGeriatricMoodOmega-3Prevention

Identifiers

PMID29526608
PMCPMC5899680
OpenAlexW2790576241

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.