ArticleClinical lung cancer2018
Non-small-cell Lung Cancer With Brain Metastasis at Presentation.
Article in Clinical lung cancer, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 158 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
158 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 249 citations in OpenAlex.
- A systematic review and network meta-analysis of first-line EGFR-TKI-based combination strategies for EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer with brain metastases.Scientific reports · 2026Pooled it
- Pooled it
- [Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Management of Brain Metastases from Non-small Cell Lung Cancer with Actionable Gene Alterations in China (2025 Edition)].Zhongguo fei ai za zhi = Chinese journal of lung cancer · 2025Guideline
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors +/- Chemotherapy for Patients With NSCLC and Brain Metastases: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.Thoracic cancer · 2025Pooled it
- Clinical Management of Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, Brain Metastases, and Actionable Genomic Alterations: A Systematic Literature Review.Advances in therapy · 2024Pooled it
- Trial
- Phase II Trial of Atezolizumab Combined With Carboplatin and Pemetrexed for Patients With Advanced Nonsquamous Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer With Untreated Brain Metastases (Atezo-Brain, GECP17/05).Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology · 2023Trial
- Interim survival analysis of the randomized phase III GEMSTONE-302 trial: sugemalimab or placebo plus chemotherapy as first-line treatment for metastatic NSCLC.Nature cancer · 2023Trial
- Poziotinib in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer HarboringJournal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology · 2022Trial
- Pembrolizumab for management of patients with NSCLC and brain metastases: long-term results and biomarker analysis from a non-randomised, open-label, phase 2 trial.The Lancet. Oncology · 2020Trial
- Optimal timing of stereotactic radiosurgery with first-line osimertinib in EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer brain metastases: Immediate, early-consolidation and salvage strategies.Oncology letters · 2026Article
- Nivolumab plus ipilimumab-based treatment in Japanese patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer and tumor PD-L1 < 1%: a pooled analysis.International journal of clinical oncology · 2026Article
- Machine learning models based on XGBoost algorithm to predict prognosis of lung cancer brain metastases.Journal of thoracic disease · 2026Article
- Durable Intracranial Control Beyond Five Years in EGFR Wild-Type Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer with Sequential Brain Metastases Managed with Multimodal Therapy: A Case Report.Reports (MDPI) · 2026Article
- Association of rurality with brain metastasis at initial diagnosis of lung cancer.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026Article
- Outcomes of hypofractionated stereotactic radiotherapy for brain metastases: do we treat patients or lesions?BMC cancer · 2026Article
- Exploring the effectiveness and sequence of brain local treatment combined with thoracic surgery in non-small cell lung cancer patients with brain oligometastasis.Translational lung cancer research · 2026Article
- NSCLC brain metastases exhibit reduced HLA-I antigen presentation machinery and immune evasion independent of IFNγ signaling defects.Molecular cancer · 2026Article
- Current and future immunotherapies for NSCLC.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2026Review
- Integrated nomogram for predicting intracranial progression-free survival with EGFR-TKI combined with cranial radiotherapy: a multicenter study.European radiology · 2026Article
98 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundData on the prevalence of brain metastases at presentation in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are limited. We queried the National Cancer Data Base to determine prevalence, clinical risk factors, and outcomes of patients with NSCLC presenting with brain metastases. PATIENTS AND
methodsPatients with NSCLC diagnosed between 2010 and 2012 were identified using the National Cancer Data Base. The risk of brain metastases for individual variables was summarized by odds ratios and calculated using logistic regression analysis. The Kaplan-Meier product limit method was used to calculate the median and 1-, 2-, and 3-year overall survival (OS).
resultsBrain metastases were observed in 47,546 (10.4%) of the 457,481 patients with NSCLC overall. The prevalence of brain metastases was much higher (26%) in patients with stage IV disease at presentation. On multivariate analysis, younger age, adenocarcinoma or large cell histology, tumor size > 3 cm, tumor grade ≥ II, and node-positive disease were associated with brain metastases. The prevalence of brain metastases ranged from as low as 0.57% in patients with only 1 risk factor to as high as 22% in patients with all 5 risk factors. The median and 1-, 2-, and 3-year OS for patients with brain metastases were 6 months and 29.9%, 14.3%, and 8.4%, respectively, with the 3-year OS increasing to 36.2% in those with T1/2 and N0/1 undergoing surgery for the primary site.
conclusionsIn patients with NSCLC, the risk of brain metastases at presentation may be calculated based on 5 clinical variables. Selected patients with brain metastases at presentation may achieve prolonged benefit.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.