Trial reportJournal of stroke and cerebrovascular diseases : the official journal of National Stroke Association2018
Characterization of Patients with Embolic Strokes of Undetermined Source in the NAVIGATE ESUS Randomized Trial.
Trial report in Journal of stroke and cerebrovascular diseases : the official journal of National Stroke Association, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02313909 (Multicenter, Randomized, Double-blind, Double-dummy, Active-comparator, Event-driven, Superiority Phase III Study of Secondary Prevention of Stroke and Prevention of Systemic Embolism in Patients With a Recent Embolic Stroke of Undetermined Source), which is not on this map. Cited by 19 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Multicenter, Randomized, Double-blind, Double-dummy, Active-comparator, Event-driven, Superiority Phase III Study of Secondary Prevention of Stroke and Prevention of Systemic Embolism in Patients With a Recent Embolic Stroke of Undetermined Source (ESUS), Comparing Rivaroxaban 15 mg Once Daily With Aspirin 100 mg
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 51 citations in OpenAlex.
- Atrial cardiomyopathy and incident ischemic stroke risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of neurology · 2023Pooled it
- Antiplatelet agents and anticoagulants for hypertension.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2022Pooled it
- Recurrent Stroke With Rivaroxaban Compared With Aspirin According to Predictors of Atrial Fibrillation: Secondary Analysis of the NAVIGATE ESUS Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA neurology · 2019Trial
- Rivaroxaban or aspirin for patent foramen ovale and embolic stroke of undetermined source: a prespecified subgroup analysis from the NAVIGATE ESUS trial.The Lancet. Neurology · 2018Trial
- Embolic Stroke of Undetermined Source (ESUS): Exploring the Neurocardiological Axis and Its Clinical Implications.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Review
- P-wave indices and left atrial mechanics as predictors of atrial cardiopathy in embolic stroke of undetermined source.Scientific reports · 2023Observational
- Patent Foramen Ovale and Cryptogenic Stroke: Integrated Management.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- Potential Embolic Sources in Embolic Stroke of Undetermined Source Patients with Patent Foramen Ovale.Cerebrovascular diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Incidence of Atrial Fibrillation in Large Vessel Occlusion and Large Embolic Stroke of Undetermined Source.Cureus · 2023Article
- Review and update of the concept of embolic stroke of undetermined source.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2022Review
- Partitioning risk factors for embolic stroke of undetermined source using exploratory factor analysis.International journal of stroke : official journal of the International Stroke Society · 2022Article
- Left Atrial Dilatation and Reduced Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction Are Associated With Cardioembolic Stroke.Frontiers in neurology · 2021Article
- Mechanical Thrombectomy for Sequential Bilateral Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusions in a Patient With Recurrent Cryptogenic Strokes: A Case Report.The Neurohospitalist · 2021Article
- Left Heart Factors in Embolic Stroke of Undetermined Source in a Multiethnic Asian and North African Cohort.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2020Article
- Arginine Derivatives in Cerebrovascular Diseases: Mechanisms and Clinical Implications.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- Markers of endothelial pathology to support detection of atrial fibrillation in embolic stroke of undetermined source.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Cancer-associated cerebral infarction during direct oral anticoagulant treatment in cancer patients: a case series.International cancer conference journal · 2019Article
- Plasma Dimethylarginine Levels and Carotid Intima-Media Thickness are related to Atrial Fibrillation in Patients with Embolic Stroke.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Article
- Recurrence of Cryptogenic (ESUS) Strokes in the First Year: Predictors and Outcome-A South Indian Study.Annals of Indian Academy of NeurologyArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
46 authors at 20 institutions in 30 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe New Approach Rivaroxaban Inhibition of Factor Xa in a Global Trial vs. ASA to Prevent Embolism in Embolic Stroke of Undetermined Source (NAVIGATE-ESUS) trial is a randomized phase-III trial comparing rivaroxaban versus aspirin in patients with recent ESUS.
aimsWe aimed to describe the baseline characteristics of this large ESUS cohort to explore relationships among key subgroups.
methodsWe enrolled 7213 patients at 459 sites in 31 countries. Prespecified subgroups for primary safety and efficacy analyses included age, sex, race, global region, stroke or transient ischemic attack prior to qualifying event, time to randomization, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus.
resultsMean age was 66.9 ± 9.8 years; 24% were under 60 years. Older patients had more hypertension, coronary disease, and cancer. Strokes in older subjects were more frequently cortical and accompanied by radiographic evidence of prior infarction. Women comprised 38% of participants and were older than men. Patients from East Asia were oldest whereas those from Latin America were youngest. Patients in the Americas more frequently were on aspirin prior to the qualifying stroke. Acute cortical infarction was more common in the United States, Canada, and Western Europe, whereas prior radiographic infarctions were most common in East Asia. Approximately forty-five percent of subjects were enrolled within 30 days of the qualifying stroke, with earliest enrollments in Asia and Eastern Europe.
conclusionsNAVIGATE-ESUS is the largest randomized trial comparing antithrombotic strategies for secondary stroke prevention in patients with ESUS. The study population encompasses a broad array of patients across multiple continents and these subgroups provide ample opportunities for future research.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.