ArticleInfectious diseases and therapy2018
Molecular Characterization of Pneumococcal Surface Protein A (PspA), Serotype Distribution and Antibiotic Susceptibility of Streptococcus pneumoniae Strains Isolated from Pakistan.
Article in Infectious diseases and therapy, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 5 citations in OpenAlex.
- Antibiotic: a boon to mankind and doom to the environment - an insight on biological and non-biological degradation processes.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
- Review
- Characterization of meningitis-causing bacteria, with focus on genomic and pangenomic study of multi-drug resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae from cerebrospinal fluid.Antonie van Leeuwenhoek · 2024Article
- Strain features of pneumococcal isolates in the pre- and post-PCV10 era in Pakistan.Microbial genomics · 2024Article
- Genotypic and phenotypic characteristics of Streptococcus pneumoniae from community-acquired pneumonia patients and healthy asymptomatic participants in Sichuan province, China.BMC infectious diseases · 2021Article
- Prevalence of PspA families and pilus islets among Streptococcus pneumoniae colonizing children before and after universal use of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines in Brazil.Brazilian journal of microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology] · 2020Article
- Review
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
introductionPakistan has one of the highest burdens of pneumococcal diseases in the world, but unfortunately studies in this demanding research area are limited in the region. Pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA) is the next generation pneumococcal vaccine candidate as the protein locates on the Streptococcus pneumoniae surface. Its gene, pspA, might be encoded by all pneumococci, and the protein has proven immunogenicity. The molecular characterization of PspA, pneumococcal serotype distribution and antibiotic susceptibility are important for regional diversity studies.
methodsIn this study, we examined 38 pneumococcal isolates from pneumococcal diseased (pneumonia/meningitis) patients blood or cerebrospinal fluid. There were no specific inclusion or exclusion criteria, but all the individuals [ages 1 month to 12 years (male/female)] had undergone no antibiotic treatment in at least the past 3 months and had no vaccination history. We investigated the serotype distribution, antibiotic susceptibility, prevalence of the PspA family and its active domain's fusion, expression and antigenicity.
resultsOur finding shows that serotype 19F is the most prevalent (23.6%) followed by 18B (15.78%) (non-vaccine type) in all isolated pneumococcal strains. All strains were susceptible to chloramphenicol and linezolid, while 80% were resistant to gentamycin. Genotyping revealed that ~ 80% (N = 31/38) of pneumococcal strains produce PspA belonging to family 2 and clade 3. We further selected three active domains of PspA (family 2 and clade 3) by in silico analysis, merged together into a fusion gene for expression study, and its antigenicity was analyzed by Western blotting.
conclusionSerotypes 19F and 18B (non-vaccine type) are the most prevalent in the Pakistani pneumococcal isolates. The PspA family 2 proteins produced by Pakistani pneumococcal isolates have high sequence homologies with each other and differ from those produced by strains isolated in the rest of the world. The PspA fusion peptide had a proven antigenic response in western blotting, with no considerable correlation among pneumococcal serotypes, antibiotic susceptibility and PspA family/clade distribution.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.